As artificial intelligence (AI) has been highly advancing in the last decade, machine learning (ML) based medical devices are increasingly used in healthcare. In this article, we did an extensive search on the FDA database and performed an analysis of FDA-approved Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning (AI/ML)-Enabled Medical Devices. We have presented all the listed AI/ML-Enabled Medical Devices according to the date of approval, medical specialty, implementation modality of Medical Devices, anatomical site of use, and brief summary of each tool. Furthermore, we presented the approval pathways based on FDA currently updated criteria and risk level. according to the date of approval, medical specialty, implementation modality of Medical Devices, anatomical site of use, and brief summary of each tool. Furthermore, we presented the approval pathways based on FDA currently updated criteria and risk level.

No abstract

No abstract

This study is aimed at isolating and identifying a thermophilic cellulolytic bacterium from hot spring water and characterizing thermostable cellulase produced by the isolate. Enrichment and culture of water sample was used for isolation of bacterial strains and an isolate with highest cellulase activity was chosen for the production, partial purification, and biochemical characterization of the enzyme. Different staining techniques, enzymatic tests, and 16s ribosomal DNA (16s rDNA) gene sequencing were used for the identification of the isolate. The cellulase producing isolate was Gram positive, motile, and sporulated rod-shaped bacterium growing optimally between 55°C and 65°C. Based on partial 16s rDNA sequence analysis, the isolate was identified as Geobacillus sp. and was designated as Geobacillus sp. KP43. The cellulase enzyme production condition was optimized, and the product was partially purified and biochemically characterized. Optimum cellulase production was observed in 1% carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) at 55°C. The molecular weight of the enzyme was found to be approximately 66 kDa on 12% SDS-PAGE analysis. Biochemical characterization of partially purified enzyme revealed the temperature optimum of 70°C and activity over a wide pH range. Further, cellulase activity was markedly stimulated by metal ion Fe2+. Apart from cellulases, the isolate also depicted good xylanase, cellobiase, and amylase activities. Thermophilic growth with a variety of extracellular enzyme activities at elevated temperature as well as in a wide pH range showed that the isolated bacteria, Geobacillus sp. KP43, can withstand the harsh environmental condition, which makes this organism suitable for enzyme production for various biotechnological and industrial applications.