OBJECTIVES: Breast cancer (BC) is the most common type of cancer worldwide. Globally, BC is rapidly becoming a major common health problem among women. This study aimed to evaluate the association between nutrient intake patterns and BC risk among Jordanian women.METHODS: A total of 400 Jordanian women 20-65 years of age were recruited in this case-control study. Two hundred women recently diagnosed with BC were matched in age, income, and marital status to 200 BC-free women. A food frequency questionnaire was used to assess nutrient intake patterns.RESULTS: In this study, 3 nutrient intake patterns were identified: a high vitamin C and β-carotene nutrient intake pattern; a high calcium, phosphorus, and vitamin D nutrient intake pattern; and a high-fat nutrient intake pattern. A significant increase in BC risk was associated with the high vitamin C and β-carotene nutrient pattern (the highest for the fourth quartile; odds ratio [OR], 5.42; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.11 to 13.91; ptrend=0.001). In the high calcium, phosphorus, and vitamin D nutrient pattern, a significant inverse trend was detected for the risk of BC. The high-fat nutrient pattern showed a significant direct association with BC risk in the third (OR, 3.88; 95% CI, 1.58 to 9.51) and fourth (OR, 3.87; 95% CI, 1.53 to 9.77) quartiles (ptrend=0.001).CONCLUSIONS: A significant increase in BC risk was detected for the high vitamin C and β-carotene nutrient intake pattern and the high-fat nutrient intake pattern. However, for the high calcium, phosphorus, and vitamin D nutrient intake pattern, a significant inverse trend was observed.

Background and Aims: Breast cancer (BC) is the most common type of cancer that affects Jordanian women. Several studies highlighted the independent effect of various diet and lifestyle factors on the risk of BC. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the association between lifestyle factors and BC in a selected group of Jordanian woman. Methods: A case control study was conducted from October 2016 to September 2017. A total of 400 Jordanian women 20-65 years of age were recruited. 200 of recently diagnosed BC patients were compared to 200 apparently healthy controls. BC patients were matched with controls in age, income and marital status. A package consisted of three structured questionnaires: Personal Information and Seven-Day Physical Activity Recall (PAR) questionnaires were administered to all participants in this study. Results: Increasing in BMI was associated significantly and positively with BC risk (OR 1.80 (95%CI: 1.01-3.27), P-trend = 0.037). A significant inverse association has been found between BC and physical activity (OR 0.32 (95%CI: 0.13-0.80), P-trend = 0.021). A significant positive association was detected between BC and smoking (OR 4.38 (95%CI: 2.08-9.22), P-trend = 0.001), a significant negative effect of lactation in the risk of BC was found (OR 3.71(95%CI: 2.20-6.26), P-trend = 0.0001). Conclusion: A significant increase in BC risk was detected with Increasing in BMI and smoking, on the other hand a significant negative effect of lactation and physical activity in the risk of BC was found.

نفذت التجربة وفق التصميم العشوائي الكامل في محطة نخيل الحسينية / محافظة كربلاء  خلال الفترة من آذار وحتى منتصف كانون الأول من العام  2015 على فسائل النخيل صنف مكتوم بعمر 6 سنوات  ، لدراسة تأثير الرش الورقي بحامض الهيومك بثلاث مستويات مختلفة هي صفر و 9 و 18 مل. لتر-1 والسماد المركب (N.P.K ) بثلاث مستويات هي صفر و 4 و 8 غم . لتر-1، بثلاث رشات في اليوم العاشر من شهر آذار ونيسان وأيار خلال العام 2015، رش بحامض الهيومك في الصباح الباكر ، وفي المساء رشت الفسائل بالسماد المركب  N. P .K . رشت الفسائل بـاليوريا بتركيز 0.2 %  قبل يوم من موعد كل رشة .أظهرت النتائج التي أخذت في منتصف كانون الأول تفوق معاملة حامض الهيومك بتركيز (18 مل . لتر-1) في محتوى الأوراق من الكلوروفيل  a قياساً إلى معاملة المقارنة كذلك تفوقت في تراكيز النتروجين والفسفور والبوتاسيوم والبروتين الكلي معنويا في الأوراق ، و تفوقت معاملة الرش بالسماد المركب ( N.P.K )  بتركيز (8 غم . لتر-1) معنوياً في محتوى الأوراق من الكلوروفيل a وb وتراكيز النتروجين والفسفور والبوتاسيوم والبروتين الكلي معنويا في الأوراق . و تفوقت معاملة التداخل عند التركيز 18 مل . لتر-1 حامض الهيومك و 8 غم . لتر-1 من السماد المركب N.P.K معنويا في رفع محتوى الأوراق من الكلوروفيل a وb وتراكيز النتروجين والفسفور والبوتاسيوم والبروتين الكلي . كلمات مفتاحية :-  فسائل النخيل ، حامض الهيومك ، N.P.K The physiological study of the Effect of Foliar Spray of Humic Acid and Compound Fertilizers N.P.K  on Some Chemical Characteristics of Date Palm cultivar Maktoom in the city of Karbala. Zeinab A. M. Altememe*   Alaa A Ali*  Muna H. Shareef**     Abeer Q. Kadhim* * College of Agriculture/University of Kerbala  **College of Agriculture/University of Baghdad Abstract : This experiment was conducted in accordance with randomized complete design (C . R . D ) in AL- Hosseinieh date palm Station of Karbala during the season of  2015 to study the effect of foliar spray with three levels of Humic acid (0 and 9 and 18 g.L-1) and three levels of  compound fertilizers (0, 4 and 8 ml.L-1) on  date Palm ، cultivar Maktoom. The off shoots were sprayed at three interval in tenth day of march , may and they were also sprayed with 0.2 %  urea one day before each spraying . Results were collected in mid-December. Results showed that Humic acid at 18ml.L-1 increased the chlorophyll a compared to Control , also Humic acid addition was superior increasing nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and total protein in the leaves .   The compound fertilizers (N.P.K) in concentration (8 g.L-1) significantly increased the chlorophyll a and b and  concentrations  nitrogen , phosphorus , potassium and total protein in the leaves . The interactions between concentration 18 ml.L-1 of Humic acid and 8 g.L-1 of compound fertilizers (  N.P.K ) significantly increased the chlorophyll a and b and  concentrations  nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and total protein in the leaves on all other interaction . Keyword :- off shoots , Humic acid , N.P.K