HighlightsDevelopmental abnormalities of liver including ectopic liver are rare conditions.Although it does not usually produce any symptom clinically, it can rarely result in serious complications such as bleeding, pyloric and portal vein obstruction.Ectopic liver has the capacity of malignant transformation to hepatocellular carcinoma that makes it essential to be removed.The vascular anatomy of ectopic liver should be identified before the dissection of gallbladder in order to prevent hemorrhage from the liver parenchyma.

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Laparoscopic surgery for rectal cancer is associated with similar complication rates, CRM involvement status, and long-term outcomes as those associated with open surgery but with the advantages of minimally invasive surgery. Although laparoscopic surgery might necessitate more advanced technical skills, similar long-term oncological results can be obtained with this technique.

HighlightsClass E injuries are the most common major bile duct injuries and can cause serious clinical condition including bile leak.Iatrogenic operative injuries may be a cause of spontaneous postoperative choledochoduodenal fistula even in transaction type complete injuries.Spontaneous closure of a postoperative bile fistula doesn’t guarantee that it is not a transaction type injury.

Laparoscopic rectal surgery has advantages over open surgery with respect to short-term and long-term clinical results and when performed in high-volume centers.