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Domestic cookers are common tools of house appliances in the world and they have significant share in global energy consumption. Therefore, a small amount of improvement in efficiency would result in a huge drop in total energy and resource activity. This study aims at presenting numerically the thermal efficiency of a domestic burner with crescent-shaped flame channels by changing the distance from the cooker to the burner head and the diameter of the burner. The energy efficiency parameter was evaluated analyzing temperature distribution along the bottom surface of the cooker and unburnt HC, CO and NO emissions. Simulations have been carried out with methane as fuel for three different diameter and distance parameters. The results showed that the temperature on the surface and the emission values of unburnt CO, NO and HC decreased with increasing the cooker diameter and distance parameter.

Together with the global energy concerns, the norms are getting stringent to prevent the emission threat. There are on-going studies on systems working with both fossil and renewable energy sources aiming to create more efficient and less emissive processes and devices. Accordingly, a set of numerical simulations was performed to examine the effect of the bowl shape of a piston on the performance behaviour, emission rates and combustion characteristics in a four-cylinder, four strokes, water-cooled compression ignition engine using n-heptane (C7H16) as fuel. Six different piston bowl geometries, five from the literature and proposed one, were utilized having different length-to-diameter ratio, curvature and sidewall radius. The study was conducted at 1750 r/min engine speed and a constant compression ratio with a full performance condition. The intake and exhaust valves have been considered as closed during the analysis to provide the variation of crank angle from 300 CA to 495 CA. The results showed that the piston bowl geometry has a significant impact on the rate of heat release, in-cylinder pressure, in-cylinder temperature, and emission trends in the engine. Among the piston bowl geometries studied, design DE and design DF exhibited better combustion characteristics and relatively lower emission trends compared to other designs. The observed rate of heat release, in-cylinder pressure and in-cylinder temperature magnitudes of these two geometries was higher in comparison to other geometries. Moreover, the trade-off for NOx emission was also observed higher for these piston bowl designs.

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