Abstract:Gastric cancer (GC) is the most common
Herpes is caused by Herpes simplex virus (HSV).HSV-1causes orofacial and genital infections.HSV-2 causes primarily genital infections. In the U.S.HSV-1 is more prevalent than HSV-2, and HSV-2 is predominant among American African, and women. Initial HSV infection is often subclinical. Viral replication occurs in ganglia, virus spreads to other mucosal surfaces through peripheral sensory nerves. Clinical manifestation include, skin and mucosal infection, orofacial herpes, genital herpes, herpetic whitlow, herpes encephalitis, neonatal herpes acquired at the time of delivery, although rare but serious condition and herpes keratitis damage the eyes. Diagnostic tests include, culture, antibodies detection, skin biopsy, and PCR for presence of viral DNA.Topical anesthetic treatment to relieve itching and pain. Antiviral drugs such as acyclovir,valaciclivir and famiciclovir are effective. Antiviral for herpes suppressive therapy is recommended during the last months of pregnancy. Recurrent outbreaks are common and vary between individuals; genetics play a role in the frequency of cold sore outbreaks. Development of a drug to block the microRNA whose job is it to suppress HSV-1 into latency, may prevent the outbreaks. Prevention with antiviral medication in conjunction with a condom.
Breast cancer is the common invasive cancer with high mortality worldwide. High incidence of breast cancer in South and central America,Southren,Northren,WestrenEurope,Ocenia and North America.Lowest breast cancer incidence in Africa and Asia.Risk factors includes: female sex old age, lifestyle, oralcontraceptive, hormone replacement therapy,mutations in the breast cancer susceptibility genes BRCA1orBRCA2.alcohol intake,hereditaryfactors, and exposure to chemicals.Breast cancer occurs because of an interaction between external factor and genetically susceptible host.Frequent symptoms of breast cancer is typically a lump and lumps found in the lymph node in the armpits. Diagnosis by physical examination of the breast and mammography.Further tests include histopathologicalexamination, breast cells grading by TNM systeme.g.,Zero stage a precancerous or marker condition, stage 1-3 within the breast and regional nodes,and stage four is metastatic stage. Management of breast cancer depends on the stage of the cancer and age of the patient.Usually treated with surgery, chemotherapy or radiation therapy or both. A multidisciplinary approach is preferable. Metastatic cancer has less favorable prognosis. Prognosis is usually the probability of progression-free survival(PFS) or disease free survival(DFS).Prevention include change in life style, maintaining healthy weight, less alcohol consumption, and intake of marine omega-3 and soy-based foods Prophylactic mastectomy(removal of both breasts) helps in people with BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations. Early detection of breast cancer has better prognosis.
Uveitis a vision threatening inflammation of uvea is
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