This article analyzed the performance of community direct block grant (BPLM) disbursed through the pesantren (boarding school) using institutional economic theory approach. The approach involved in examining of contract participation, social capital, transaction cost, and income. This research was conducted at two pesantrens in Madura Island. The sample was taken using cluster random sampling method. The research showed that the social capitals of the pesantren are consisted by a blessed value system (barokah), obedience, honesty, and solid network between the farmers and the pesantrens. The capital was rooted in farmer's lifestyles which influence the operation of the pesantren economic activity. Meanwhile, the transaction cost was depending on how the farmers organize the BPLM that influenced by each pesantren's characters as reflected by typical governance structure, behavioral attributes of the farmers/chairperson of the farmer's group, pesantren's networking, and uncertainty. The execution costs are the major contribution to the total transaction costs. The increasing of the transaction costs will be followed by the significantly decreasing of the farmer's income. Key words : pesantren, BPLM, social capital, transaction costs. ABSTRAKArtikel ini menganalisis kinerja program bantuan pinjaman langsung masyarakat (BPLM) yang disalurkan melalui lembaga pesantren. Pendekatan teori ekonomi kelembagaan digunakan untuk menganalisis kinerja program ini, yang mencakup partisipasi kontrak, modal sosial, biaya transaksi, dan pendapatan. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada dua pesantren di Pulau Madura. Pengambilan contoh menggunakan metode cluster random sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa modal sosial pesantren adalah tata nilai barokah, kepatuhan, jujur, dan jaringan yang solid antara petani dan pesantren. Modal sosial tersebut mengakar dalam kehidupan petani dan mempengaruhi pelaksanaan kegiatan ekonomi pesantren. Sementara, biaya transaksi petani dalam pelaksanaan BPLM tergantung pada operasional kelembagaan masingmasing pesantren, yang disebabkan oleh perbedaan struktur tata kelola, perilaku petani/ketua kelompok, jaringan pesantren, dan ketidakpastian. Adapun biaya eksekusi

Analysis of allocative efficiencyrice farming in the Puhjarak village important because low productivity and low income farmers in the Puhjarak village. Farmers are still able to increase production and productivity of rice plants with the use factors of production efficiently, so as to increase the income of farmers. The main purpose of the research is the extent to which the allocative efficiency of the use of production factors that affect the income of farmers reached rice farmers. The analysis methods used the Cobb-Douglas production function and allocative efficiency by looking at the value of the marginal product of NPM / Px with stratified random sampling method. From the results obtained by regression analysis of factors of production that significantly affect the production of rice farming are seeds, pesticides solid, liquid pesticides, and labor. Value NPMx / Px, all the factors that influence the production > 1 so that its use has not been efficient.

Farm management had several constraint such as limited water availability, excessive use of production factor(s), and declining productivity. Goal of farming activity is not only seen from the increased production but, also from how the increased production can increase the farmers income. Therefore, the aim of this research was to know the factors that affect fertilizer and labor usage in the research area, and also the factors that affect rice production. Location of research was determined purposive to be in Sekotong, West Lombok, Indonesia. The data was obtained through simple random sampling. The data analysis method used 2SLS (two Stage Least Square). The result of this research foundthat the factors that affect fertilizer usage are land area, total cost of labor, and age of farmers. Factors that affect labor usage are farmer education, total cost of labor, and number of family. Factors that affect rice production are land area, seed, pesticide, and fertilizer.