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Abstract. The aim of the present study was to examine the total orbital volume (TOV) and total orbital fat volume (TOFV) in normal orbits in different age groups and to investigate the correlation of these measurements with age, gender and body parameters by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). MRI data were acquired retrospectively from a total of 1,453 subjects divided into five age groups with 10-year intervals. The TOV and TOFV were measured using T1-weighted MRI for each subject and body parameters were also obtained. The measurements demonstrated that TOV increased with age and that the volume was larger in men than in women. While weight and height exhibited positive correlations with TOV in male and female subjects in the 20-29, 30-39 and 40-49-year-old age groups, only weight showed a positive correlation with TOV in female subjects in the 50-59 and 60-69-year-old age groups. However, TOFV increased by age in all groups and the increments were larger in women than in men. These results provide basic information about the effect of age, gender and body parameters on TOV and TOFV. The variations in TOV are associated with orbital soft-tissues changes rather than with TOFV.

Background. The diagnosis of intestinal malrotation is established by the age of 1 year in most cases, and the condition is seldom seen in adults. In this paper, a patient with small intestinal malrotation-type intraperitoneal hernia who underwent surgery at an older age because of intestinal obstruction is presented. Case. A 73-year-old patient who presented with acute intestinal obstruction underwent surgery as treatment. Distended jejunum and ileum loops surrounded by a peritoneal sac and located between the stomach and transverse colon were determined. The terminal ileum had entered into the transverse mesocolon from the right lower part, resulting in kinking and subsequent segmentary obstruction. The obstruction was relieved, and the small intestines were placed into their normal position in the abdominal cavity. Conclusion. Small intestinal malrotations are rare causes of intestinal obstructions in adults. The appropriate treatment in these patients is placement of the intestines in their normal positions.

Hydatidosis is an endemic parasitic disease in Mediterranean countries, often caused by the dog tapewormEchinococcus granulosus. The disease predominantly affects the liver (60–70%) and lungs (30%), and the surgical management is considered as the gold standard for treatment. Besides anaphylactic reactions, the most frequent complication of the hydatid disease is rupture into neighbouring structures, often affecting the bronchi, gastrointestinal tract and peritoneal/pleural cavities, according to its location. Primary pleural hydatidosis is an extremely rare entity and we present a ruptured pleural hydatid cyst with unusual location.

BackgroundAndrogenetic alopecia (AGA) is the most commonly encountered baldness pattern in men. Epicardial fat tissue is found on the cardiac surface between the myocardium and visceral pericardium. Both AGA and epicardial fat thickness (EFT) are related to coronary artery disease, which is also reflected by an increase in carotid intima media thickness (CIMT).ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to investigate the relation of AGA severity with EFT.MethodsOne hundred twenty-six male patients with AGA aged 18 to 55 years without histories of chronic disease were enrolled. Subjects were divided into three groups (mild, moderate, and severe) on the basis of the Hamilton baldness scale as modified by Norwood. Maximum EFT was measured at end-systole on the midventricular free wall of the right ventricle. CIMT was also recorded for all patients.ResultsThe groups did not have statistically significant differences with respect to age, height, weight, body mass index, left ventricular ejection fraction, or left atrial diameter (p>0.05 for all comparisons), but the severe group had a higher EFT compared with the moderate (p<0.001; z score, -7.040) and mild groups (p<0.001; z score, -6.667). The moderate group also had higher EFT than the mild group (p<0.001; z score, -5.931). Mean CIMT value in the severe group was significantly higher compared with the value in the other groups.ConclusionThe study showed that subjects in advanced stages of AGA had increased EFT, which was measured via echocardiography.