As an immobile, durable and heterogonous good, each housing unit has a bundle of different characteristics. Hedonic price method, which depends on the consumer theory of the classical economics, implies that each characteristic of heterogeneous goods provides a different level of satisfaction or utility to the consumer, being widely accepted as a toolkit for estimating effects of these characteristics on prices and rents. HPM expresses housing prices as the function of structural characteristics, location characteristics, and neighborhood characteristics. Theory and empirical applications of the HPM, which have been used for more than 40 years in developed countries, due to the lack of suitable data related literature is limited in Albania. The aim of this paper is to analyze the relationship between housing rents and housing characteristics in urban Albania with micro database of Living Conditions and Income Survey 2012.

Göçmenlerin emek piyasalarına dâhil olurken ücretlerin düşük, esnekliğin en yoğun ve kalifiye eleman ihtiyacının en az olduğu emek-yoğun sektörlere yönelmek zorunda kaldıkları açıktır. Suriye'deki iç savaşı takiben, sayıları bugün 3 milyona varan Suriyeli sığınmacı hareketinin tabii sonuçlarından biri olarak Türkiye emek piyasasına önemli oranda göçmen emek girişi yaşandığını söylemek mümkündür. Bu çalışma, nicel olarak en fazla Suriyeli sığınmacı barındıran İstanbul ölçeğinde, enformelliğin en yaygın olduğu, emek yoğun ve düşük ücrete dayanan bir emek piyasası kompozisyonuna sahip tekstil sektöründeki Türkiyeli ve Suriyeli göçmen işçiler arasındaki ücret ayrımcılığını konu edinmiştir. Bu bağlamda çalışma, Suriyeli sığınmacıların İstanbul ölçeğinde tekstil sektöründe emek piyasasına eklemlenmelerinin ardından sektördeki ücret ayrımcılığının muhtemel sebeplerini de analiz etmeyi amaçlamaktadır.

No abstract

Public utilities have been at the very centre of economic and social development of countries. Until the last decades, they were almost exclusively undertaken by public authorities. From the 1980s, they have been subject to liberalisation in many countries. Liberalisation of electricity means that the segments which are vertically integrated are unbundled and opened to private sector through privatisations. However, since the transmission and distribution segments are networks that exhibit severe natural monopoly characteristics, they should be either owned and operated by public bodies or regulated by independent regulatory authorities to protect consumer interest. In Turkey, the liberalisation process for the public utilities has begun in 1990s, but posed many problems at administrative and juridical stages. Lately, the legislative framework which is designed to be compatible with global standards has been completed. But at economic stage, we can easily observe the power of big companies and holdings outweigh the power of public authorities and counteract the public interest.