Objective: To evaluate the prevalence of HPV DNA and cervical cytological abnormalities, to compare cervical cytology results and HPV DNA and to define HPV types distribution in a large series of Turkish women who have undergone HPV analysis in hospitals that are members of the Turkish Gynecological Oncology Group. Material and Method:Between 2006 and 2010, a total of 6388 patients' data was retrospectively evaluated at 12 healthcare centers in Turkey. Demographic characteristics, cervical cytology results, HPV status and types were compared.Results: Th e mean age of the patients was 38.9±10.2. Overall, 25% of the women were found to be HPV positive. Presence of HPV-DNA among patients with abnormal and normal cytology was 52% and 27%, respectively. Th ere was significant diff erence with respect to decades of life and HPV positivity (p < 0.05). HPV was positive in (within the HPV (+) patients) 37%, 9%, 27%, 20%, 22%, and 41% of the ASCUS, ASC-H, LSIL HSIL, glandular cell abnormalities, and SCC cases respectively Th e most common HPV types in our study were as follows; HPV 16 (32%), HPV 6 (17%), HPV 11 (9%), HPV 18 (8%), HPV 31 (6%), HPV 51 (5%), HPV 33 (3%). Conclusion:In this hospital based retrospective analysis, HPV genotypes in Turkish women with normal and abnormal cytology are similar to those reported from western countries. Further population based prospective multicenter studies are necessary to determine non-hospital based HPV prevalence in Turkish women. Bulgular: Ortalama hasta yaşı 38.9±10.2 idi. Tüm grup değerlendiril-diğinde, %25 hastada HPV pozitif olarak saptandı. Anormal sitolojisi olanlarda HPV pozitifl iği %57 iken normal pap testi olanlarda HPV pozitifl iği %27 oranında tespit edildi. Hastaların yaşam dekadları ile HPV pozitifl iği arasında anlamlı bir ilişki bulundu (p<0,05) HPV pozitifl iği ASCUS, ASC-H, LSIL, HSIL, glandüler anormallikler ve skuamöz hücreli karsinom için sırasıyla %37, %9, %27, %20, %22, %41 idi. En sık görülen HPV tipleri sırasıyla HPV 16 (%32), HPV 6 (%17), HPV 11 (%9), HPV 18 (%8), HPV 31 (%6), HPV 51 (%5), HPV 33 (%3) idi.Sonuç: Bu hastane temelli retrospektif analizde HPV tipleri gelişmiş batı ülkelerinde rapor edilen tiplerle benzer olarak tespit edildi. Ülkemizdeki gerçek popülasyon temelli HPV prevalansı ve tiplerinin belirlenmesi için hastane temelli olmayan çok merkezli geniş sayıda hasta içeren serilere ihtiyaç vardır.

Endometriosis-related ascites and/or pleural effusion refers to extensive disease with a high risk for recurrence which usually affects non-Caucasian, nulliparous women of reproductive age and leads to clinical symptoms resembling those of an ovarian malignancy. Therefore, clinicians should consider endometriosis in differential diagnosis of pelvic masses and also include endometriosis in diagnostic workup of ascites or pleural effusion.

Endometriotic implants were induced surgically in female Wistar albino rats, which were randomly divided into three groups. The rats in group I (n=10) and group II (n=9) were given 2.5 mg/kg/day intraperitoneal and oral atorvastatin, respectively, for 28 days. Group III (n=9) was given no medication (control). The mean volume and weight of explants in group I were significantly lower (both P < 0.05) compared with group III. Histopathological score of the implants was significantly lower in groups I and II, when compared with group III (P < 0.01 and P < 0.05, respectively). There were significant reductions in explant concentrations of vascular endothelial growth factor and matrix metalloproteinase 9 in group I (P < 0.01 and P < 0.001, respectively) and group II (both P < 0.01) compared with group III while staining due to tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 2 was significantly higher in group I (P < 0.01) and group II (P < 0.01) compared with group III. Moreover, explant concentration of superoxide dismutase was significantly increased in groups I and II compared with group III (both P < 0.05). In conclusion, atorvastatin causes significant regression of endometriotic implants in rats. Moreover, intraperitoneal atorvastatin seems to be more effective than oral atorvastatin.

Although the incidence of ovarian metastases of adenocarcinoma of the cervix is significantly higher, squamous cell carcinoma may also metastasize to the ovaries by endometrial and transtubal spreading in the absence of lymph node involvement. Especially in young patients for whom preservation of the ovaries is supposed, gross intraoperative inspection of the radical hysterectomy specimen and endometrium should be done and ovaries should be evaluated carefully.

These data suggest that VEGF +405 GC genotype and +405G allele may be associated with the risk of developing early and advanced stage endometriosis in the Turkish population.