INTRODUCTION A simple algorithm for bronchoscopy was prepared in very young children METHODS The patients aged 0-5 years who were applied with bronchoscopy because of suspected foreign body aspiration (FBA) analyzed. RESULTS Evaluations were made of 89 patients, as 55 (61.7%) in the FBA (+) group and 34 (38.3%) in the FBA (-) group. FBA was determined most in the 1-2 years age group (28 patients, 50.9%, p=0.04) due to organic hard foodstuffs (94.5%, p<0.001). The parameters found to be significant were witnessing the event (OR:12.133, 95% CI: 3.147-46.774, p<0.001) and not obtaining unilateral respiratory sounds (OR:7.556, 95% CI: 2.681-21.292, p<0.001). The most significant diagnostic finding was the determination of unilateral hyperventilation on x-ray (OR:16.730, 95% CI: 4.541-61.632, p<0.001). The operating time and length of stay in hospital was significantly shorter in the FBA (-) patients (p<0.001). CONCLUSION The presence of a witness, not obtaining unilateral respiratory sounds, and unilateral hyperventilation seen on x-ray are indications for bronchoscopy. In FBA (-) patients applied with bronchoscopy, the complication rate associated with the procedure is low, and the operating time and length of stay in hospital are short.

INTRODUCTIONA simple algorithm for bronchoscopy was prepared in very young children METHODSThe patients aged 0-5 years who were applied with bronchoscopy because of suspected foreign body aspiration (FBA) analyzed. RESULTSEvaluations were made of 89 patients, as 55 (61.7%) in the FBA (+) group and 34 (38.3%) in the FBA (-) group. FBA was determined most in the 1-2 years age group (28 patients, 50.9%, p=0.04) due to organic hard foodstuffs (94.5%, p<0.001). The parameters found to be signi cant were witnessing the event (OR:12.133, 95% CI: 3.147-46.774, p<0.001) and not obtaining unilateral respiratory sounds (OR:7.556, 95% CI: 2.681-21.292, p<0.001). The most signi cant diagnostic nding was the determination of unilateral hyperventilation on x-ray (OR:16.730, 95% CI: 4.541-61.632, p<0.001). The operating time and length of stay in hospital was signi cantly shorter in the FBA (-) patients (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONThe presence of a witness, not obtaining unilateral respiratory sounds, and unilateral hyperventilation seen on x-ray are indications for bronchoscopy. In FBA (-) patients applied with bronchoscopy, the complication rate associated with the procedure is low, and the operating time and length of stay in hospital are short.

Mevalonate kinase deficiency, known as hyperimmunoglobulinemia D syndrome originates from recessive mutations in the gene encoding mevalonate kinase enzyme. Hyperimmunoglobulinemia D syndrome cases are characterised by repeated attacks of fever with an intense inflammatory syndrome accompanied by lymphadenopathy, abdominal pain, diarrhea, arthralgia, hepatomegaly, splenomegaly, and skin rashes. The clinical phenotype in hyperimmunoglobulinemia D syndrome, which is an autoinflammatory disease, has a broad range depending on the severity of mevalonate kinase activity.However, only one case presenting with orchitis has been reported.The case here reported is of a paediatric hyperimmunoglobulinemia D syndrome patient with orchitis presenting with clinical testis torsion.