A multiple-site case-control study of 15 cancers (stomach; colon; rectum; larynx; lung; melanoma; skin; female breast; male breast; cervix; ovary; uterus; prostate; testis; and bladder) was conducted to evaluate their association with occupational physical activity and socioeconomic status (SES). A hospital-based study population (3,486 male cases and 379 female cases, and 2,127 male and 244 female controls) was established in an oncological treatment center in Istanbul, Turkey, from 1979-84. Assessment of physical activity and SES was based on job titles held by the study subjects. Two measures of physical activity were developed based on energy expenditure and 'sitting time' during working hours. Observed risks were adjusted for age, smoking, and SES. Elevated risks were observed among workers who held sedentary jobs for cancers of the colon (odds ratio [OR] = 1.6), rectum (OR = 1.3), melanoma (OR = 1.9), male breast (OR = 1.4), prostate (OR = 5.0), and ovary (OR = 2.0). Cancers of the cervix and uterus showed significantly decreasing risks with decreased activity. Risks of cancers of the colon, rectum, larynx, ovary, and melanoma were enhanced after risks for physical activity indices were adjusted for SES, while the associations between physical activity and cancers of the prostate, cervix, and uterus were weakened after SES adjustment. Risks of melanoma rose significantly with both activity indices after SES adjustment.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

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The population structure of Sagitta setosa from the south-western part of the Black Sea was examined between May 1994 and December 1996. In addition, the vertical distribution and diel vertical migration of S.setosa were studied for juveniles (≤5 mm) and adults (>5 mm) in April 1995, September 1995 and June 1996. The population structure studies showed that a new generation was introduced in September. Breeding was most intensive from June to November, indicated by the frequency of small-sized individuals. Diel vertical migration from the depth of the oxygen minimum zone to the surface was observed for adult S.setosa but not for juveniles. Juveniles were generally distributed above the seasonal thermocline. It is evident that adults are able to tolerate a wide range of oxygen concentrations and temperature.

Tuberculous peritonitis is an uncommon manifestation of tuberculosis and specific radiologic features of it have not been defined. The diagnosis of tuberculous peritonitis has been made prospectively in 4 patients with sonography. The findings included free ascites; multiple, fine, delicate septations and incomplete mobile strands of fibrin; peritoneal thickening and nodularity. In the differential diagnosis of tuberculous peritonitis, peritoneal carsinomatosis, peritoneal mesothelioma, pyogenic penritonitis, and hemoperitoneum should be considered.

By the using of metal clips and increased experience; laparoscopy may be gold standard for acute appendicitis.