Mango pulp weevil (MPW) and mango seed weevil (MSW) are found in only three species in the world, namely Sternochetus frigidus (MPW), Sternochetus mangiferae (MSW) and Sternochetus olivieri (MSW). These pests are the main pests for mango in several countries including Indonesia. But there is currently no report on the status of the three insects of Sternochetus in Indonesia, so that the information received by the Center for Agriculture and Biosciences International (CABI) as a worldwide plant pest data center is based on Kalshoven (1981). The purpose of this study was to identify species, to test the attack level and to conduct no-choice test on Sternochetus host in mango. This study was conducted at the Applied Research Institute of Agriculture Quarantine from March to October 2017. Kuweni fruit (Mangifera odorata) that was confirmed to be infested by Sternochetus insect was collected from Pesisir selatan District of West Sumatra, North Lampung District, Lubuk Linggau District of South Sumatera and Bekasi District of West Java Provinces respectively. The species identification was performed on the male genital (aedeagus) of the insect, which was obtained from the Kuweni fruit aged 95-115 days. The fruit collection from the three locations have identified S. frigidus species, with overlapping apical sclerite characteristics. In Bekasi District, S. frigidus insect could not infest the Kuweni fruit. Attack level test of S. frigidus in kuweni fruit in all three locations reached 93%. The result of host status test with no choice test showed that S. frigidus was able to infest harum manis and manalagi mango (Mangifera indica) and did not infest sapodilla fruit.

Kajian Algoritma Deteksi Hama Gudang Menggunakan Metode Pengukuran Intensitas Pantulan Cahaya Objek

Salah satu tindakan perlakuan karantina yang diakui oleh lembaga internasional dan aman bagi konsumen adalah penggunaan iradiasi sinar gamma pada dosis yang direkomendasikan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menguji keefektifan dosis generik iradiasi sinar gamma [60Co] untuk mensterilisasi kumbang Sternochetus frigidus (Fabricius) pada buah mangga kuini (Mangifera odorata Griff). Sebanyak 300 kg buah kuini yang dipastikan terinfestasi S. frigidus diambil dari Sumatera Barat dan Lampung. Perlakuan iradiasi sinar gamma pada dosis 50, 100, 150, 200, 300, dan 400 Gy masing-masing dilakukan terhadap 6–8 buah kuini per kotak dan diulang tiga kali. Perlakuan iradiasi dilakukan dalam dua percobaan. Percobaan pertama pada bulan April untuk buah kuini asal Sumatera Barat dan yang kedua pada bulan Mei untuk buah yang berasal dari Lampung. Perlakuan iradiasi sinar gamma menurunkan kemampuan makan, hidup normal, produksi telur, dan meningkatkan kematian imago. Iradiasi sinar gamma memengaruhi perkembangan pupa dan imago. Pengaruh iradiasi sinar gamma terhadap hidup normal imago lebih tinggi ditunjukkan pada percobaan pertama dengan waktu pengamatan pada minggu ke delapan dibandingkan dengan pengamatan percobaan kedua dengan waktu pengamatan pada minggu ke empat. Pupa yang diiradiasi pada dosis 100 Gy masih mampu menjadi imago, namun tidak mampu menghasilkan telur. Imago yang diiradiasi pada 150 Gy masih mampu bertelur dengan rataan 6 butir (percobaan pertama) dan 2,3 butir (percobaan kedua), namun telur yang dihasilkan tidak mampu berkembang menjadi larva. Imago yang diradiasi pada dosis 200 Gy tidak mampu menghasilkan telur untuk kedua percobaan.

The importation of corn seeds may inadvertently introduce seed-borne fungi like Aspergillus niger. One potential method to control this pathogen was fumigation with sulfuryl fluoride. The objectives of this applied research were to obtain effective concentration and exposure time of sulfuryl flouride as a fumigant to control seedborne fungi and to its physiological impact on corn seeds. Aspergillus niger was isolated from corn seed samples, grew it in potato dextrose agar, and used it for in vitro studies. Parameters  observed were isolates’ growth inhibition. In vivo studies were conducted using corn seed samples infected by Aspergillus niger. Sulfuryl fluoride was applied at the concentration of 30, 40, 50, and 60 g/m3 and 24, 48, 72, and 96 hour of exposure time. Results showed that sulfuryl fluoride concentration of 40 g/m3 for 48 hours at 26-32°C is the only effective concentration against A. niger in vitro but all of the treatment did not significantly affect A. niger in vivo. Concentration of 30, 40, 50, 60 g/m3 for 24 hours does not affect the quality of the seed.