A total of 120 samples (80) female samples and 40 male samples were collected from the front of the personal communication (the cell phone) for female students of Education College for Women (65) as well the medical staff of Ramadi Teaching Hospital (55), The samples are collected by swabs, The ages ranged between 19-60 years, These samples were initially culture on the blood agar medium and then on different selective and differential culture media. Api test strips were also used for the final diagnosis of bacterial isolates. The results showed that all samples gave 100% a positive result of general bacterial culture and 80% of pathogenic bacteria. The results of isolating and diagnosism indicated the presence of the pathogenic bacteria Staphylococcus aureus (58.3% of the total sample), Escherichia coli (44.2%), Enterococcus faecalis (25.8%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (23.3%), Proteus sp. (5%), The results showed that the positive bacterial culture rate for male samples was 87.5%, whereas the female bacterial culture rate was 76.3%. The most important isolates were highly resistant to cephalexin, followed kanamycin. Proteus sp. gave the largest percentage of the resistance to 100% of those antibiotics, except for nitrofurantoin followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa in the proportion of resistance to antibiotics used in this study.

No abstract

luxS and rpoS genes were involved in the regulation of some biological processes, which interfere with virulence of Serratia marcescens and Enterobacter cloacae bacterial species sequentially. luxS have an important activity in Quorum Sensing (QS) processes, but rpoS interfere with tolerance and resistance processes toward stress conditions correlating with its virulence. The study aimed to detect rpoS presence in E. cloacae and luxS gene presence in S. marcescens separately isolated from 16 leukaemia patients (4 of S. marcescens and 12 of E. cloacae), who characterised with bacteraemia by using primers designed for this purpose by using PCR technique. The results showed that all of the bacterial isolates of S. marcescens contain luxS gene, while no one of E. cloacae isolates show positive results for rpoS gene. The study concluded that S. marcescens has high virulence as a result of luxS presence, which controls Quorum sensing and prodigiosin formation and affecting host immunity. Moreover, the negative results of rpoS gene can be explained according to two possibilities: the gene can be found in the isolates with a copy differ from the registered sequences of the rpoS gene, or the gene did not present in those isolates with presence of alternatives offset its activities.

The research began on March 7, 2021, as the regions of Ain Al-Wusta and Ain Jarura were chosen to take soil samples. The sulfuric water was treated using laboratory batch reactors. Locally manufactured glass tubes were used, with dimensions 17 * 17 * 55 in length, width and height, respectively, Subsequently, microbiological and chemical analyzes of the soil were performed. The results of the study showed success of the physical treatment process that was used to reduce the levels of sulfur in the water Depending on the source of water and the type of material used, the triple-magnetic treatment achieved the highest removal rate of 73% in Ain Al-Wusta soil, 40% in soil sample B1, and 27% in soil sample B2 of Ain Jarura. The results of bacterial culture showed that Gram-negative bacteria were dominant by 100% in soil samples from Ain Jarura region treated with untreated sulfuric water (WA1, WA2, WA3) (Table- 4), as well as for the same soil samples treated with sulfuric water treated with sand filter (GB1), charcoal filter (GB2) and magnetic field filter. (GB3) Soil samples treated with untreated sulfur water were dominated by Pseudomonas aeruginosa with a percentage of 66.7% and Acinetobacter lwoffii with a percentage of 33.3%.The results of the bacterial count of soil samples from the Ain Jarura region showed that there were significant differences between the bacterial number with sulfuric water treated with the three filters, As for soil samples from Ain Al-Wusta region, only soil samples added to sulfuric water treated with charcoal filter (WB2) gave significant differences with a significant decrease of number (84×102 CFU) for the species Aerococcus viridans. The results of the antibiotic sensitivity test showed that Elizabethkingia meningoseptica gave the highest rate of resistance to antibiotics about 66%. The results of the study showed that the resistance of bacterial isolates to antibiotics did not show significant differences between soil samples treated with treated and untreated sulfur water, except for the GB2 isolate.