This paper analyses the state of power engineering in Ukraine and the main trends in the development of the world market in the field of converting high-capacity powerful power units of thermal power plants into ultra-supercritical (USC) ones. It is shown that the energy sector of Ukraine requires special attention and the introduction of new modern technical solutions. Worldwide trends indicate that the emphasis is now on increasing the steam parameters before a turbine to ultra-supercritical ones. This allows one both to increase the efficiency of power units and to reduce thermal emissions, fighting the global environmental problem of climate warming. The implementation of this approach is proposed taking into account the realities of the Ukrainian economy and the available technical capabilities of the power engineering industry. This paper presents the results of variational computational studies of the thermal scheme of the 300 MW power unit of the K-300-23.5 turbine to be converted into a USC one. The problem was solved under the condition of maximizing the preservation of the thermal scheme, increasing the efficiency of the power unit and minimizing capital investments during the modernization of the turbine. It was chosen to preserve the regeneration system, as well as the medium-pressure (MP) and low-pressure (LP) cylinders. Considered and calculated were variants with the addition to the existing turbine of a USC cylinder and the creation of a new high-pressure cylinder (HPC) with insignificant changes in its overall characteristics. The results of computational studies showed that the most rational variant for modernizing the 300 MW turbine plant is the creation of a new HPC designed for operation at USC steam parameters as well as the addition to the IPC of a new cylinder with the purpose of increasing the reheat steam parameters while preserving the regeneration system.

АННОТАЦИЯ O. SHUBENKO, M. BABAK, О. SENETSKYI, V. SARAPIN ESTIMATING THE ENGINEERING AND TECHNICAL PERFORMANCES FOR THE STAGE THERMAL CIRCUIT OF TURBINE UNIT OPERATING ON LOW-BOILING WORKING MEDIA ABSTRACT The data of engineering and economical analysis on the estimation of the value of required investments and the payback period in the case of implementation of the two-cascade cogeneration plant of a low power to realize "the biopower village" strategy have been given. The basic engineering and economical performances of mini-heat power plant were defined for climatic conditions in the city of Zaporozie. It has been established that the realization of this mini-HPP with the installed electric power of 110 KW can be promising (the 3.2 -year payback period) only at the standard fuel price of at least 40 USD and the energy price of 2.2. UAH (KW·h) and the heat price of 2200 UAH/Gcal. At the installed electric power of mini-HPP of 450 KW (350 KW·e for the first ORC (organic Rankin Cycle) loop) and 100 kW·e for the second loop and the same prices for the electric power and the heat the realization of it can be promising at 70 USD/t.s.f. (tons of standard fuel). The research was done to compare a change in payback periods

Визначається доцільність впровадження на водогрійній котельні з котлами ПТВМ-100, що спалюють природний газ, утилізаційної електрогенеруючої установки. Остання побудована на базі органічного циклу Ренкіна та обігрівається димовими газами котлів. Показано, що ефективним робочим тілом для такої установки є фреон R600a. Виконано розрахунки теплової схеми установки на трьох режимах функціонування на протязі року; визначені терміни її окупності при електричній потужності 100, 200 та 300 кВт. Ключові слова: вторинні енергетичні ресурси, органічний цикл Ренкіна, теплова схема, економічна доцільність, електроенергія, енергозбереження.

АНОТАЦІЯ O. CHERNOUSENKO, T. NIKULENKOVA, A. NIKULENKOV ANALYSIS OF THE OPPORTUNITY FOR AN INCREASE IN THE THERMAL POWER OF POWER GENERATING UNITS OF NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS (PART 1) ABSTRACT For Ukraine the realization of available reserves to increase the power of operating power units of nuclear plants is a vital problem the solution of which would allow us to increase electric power output. A special role is also played by economic priorities; in particular an increase in power by 1 kW is ten times cheaper in comparison with the construction of 1 kW of new power facilities. One more factor is the world experience in the field of an increase in the thermal power of operating power units of nuclear power plants. Based on the specified urgency this scientific paper analyzes the international experience gained in the field of an increase in the thermal power of the power units for nuclear power plants and describes the main mechanisms and instrumentation required for the realization of the given modification of nuclear power units in