We evaluated the quantitation of two schistosome circulating antigens in serum and urine as a tool for the assessment of the efficacy of praziquantel dosage regimens (40 versus 60 mg/kgbw). In addition we compared the efficacy of two different brands of praziquantel (Biltricide and Distocide), given at the same dosage (40 mg/kgbw). Thirty five Egyptian hospitalized schistosomiasis mansoni patients participated in this study. Thirteen patients (Group 1) received 60 mg/kgbw Biltricide, administered in 3 oral doses of 20 mg in one day; 22 individuals (Group 2) were treated with 40 mg/kgbw (12 Biltricide, 10 Distocide), given in one oral dose. Circulating anodic antigen (CAA) and circulating cathodic antigen (CCA) were quantitated by monoclonal antibody-based ELISA's before, and 1, 3 and 6 weeks after chemotherapy. Before treatment, all patients were positive for at least one of the circulating antigen assays. Three to six weeks after treatment significantly more patients were found to be negative in Group 1 compared to Group 2 (X2 = 7.13, P = 0.008, n = 35). Also the levels of CCA and CAA in serum and of CCA in urine were found to be significantly higher in Group 2 (Mann-Whitney U < 85, P < 0.05, n = 35). These results were confirmed by parasitological data. No differences were found between treatment with Biltricide or Distocide.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

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Forty-one Egyptian students with infections due to Schistosoma haematobium, who were selected by results of a urine screening examination, were evaluated for morbidity and response to chemotherapy. Symptoms associated with infection were hematuria, dysuria, and swimmer's itch. A positive correlation existed between the intensity of infection and frequency of exposure to water. Laboratory abnormalities included eosinophilia (41), anemia (9), hematuria (38), pyuria (33), and proteinuria (8). Three of 26 subjects had abnormalities intravenous pyelograms: hydroureter, bladder polyp , and bladder calcification. The bladder polyp was noted also by sonography. Cure rates were 66.7% in 18 subjects treated with two 10-mg/kg doses of trichlorfon and were 89.5% in 19 subjects given three doses. Those not cured had an average reduction in ova excretion of 96%. Follow-up at 12 months of 33 subjects showed that nine had S. haematobium ova in urine, although 75% admitted to exposure to canal or irrigation water in the interim.

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