Summary Recently the American Heart Association has reported that favorable effects of soy protein on blood lipids were characteristic only for high amounts of soy protein and not observed for an intake less than 30 g/d. However, the period of the studies with the smaller amount was 4-6 wk and we thought a longer study was necessary for the conclusion. The death rate by heart disease is very high in Russia; therefore, we have done this study in Russian subjects with hyperlipidemia. Prior to the study we tried to find a favorable method for subjects to take 30 g protein a day from soybean protein isolate (SPI) or skimmed curd protein (SMP) and decided to use Russian style cookies. Thirty subjects with hyperlipidemia were recruited; however, due to the 5-mo long study 28 of them (19 females and 9 males aged 50 Ϯ 2 y) could complete the trial. They were randomly assigned to two groups and were given either cookie for 2 mo separated by a month-long washout interval in a crossover design. Fasting blood samples were drawn before and after the dietary treatments. Fasting blood samples at 1 mo were also measured as a health check and to observe the trends of the blood parameters in the middle of the study period. Serum samples were used for the lipid and other biochemical measurements. Every month for 3 non-consecutive days, energy and nutrient intakes were assessed and physical activity was estimated by pedometer. With the consumption of SPI for 2 mo, concentrations of total-cholesterol changed from 280 Ϯ 7 to 263 Ϯ 8 mg/dL ( Ϫ 6.5%, p ϭ 0.0099), HDL-cholesterol from 57.4 Ϯ 2.5 to 62.6 Ϯ 2.9 mg/dL ( ϩ 9%, p ϭ 0.0047), non-HDL-cholesterol (total-cholesterol Ϫ HDL-cholesterol) from 223 Ϯ 7 to 201 Ϯ 8 mg/dL ( Ϫ 11%, p ϭ 0.0023) and triglycerides from 204 Ϯ 23 to 173 Ϯ 19 mg/dL ( Ϫ 18%, p ϭ 0.022). There were no significant changes with SMP ( p Ͼ 0.05). Thus, administration of 30 g SPI a day for 2 mo confirmed its favorable effects on serum lipids in Russians with hyperlipidemia. Key Words soy protein isolate, skimmed milk curd, hyperlipidemia, Russian It is well established that soy protein foods can decrease blood cholesterol ( 1-3 ) and mortality rates from cardiovascular diseases (CVD) ( 4 , 5 ) both in Asians ( 6 , 7 ) and Westerners ( 8-10 ). The Food and Drug Administration of the USA and the American Heart Association recommend daily consumption of 25 g of soy protein to control blood cholesterol ( 11 , 12 ). However, this conclusion is based mainly on studies with whole soy foods, which contains several components of soy beans that influence blood lipids ( 13 ). The results of studies with soy protein isolate (SPI) are less consistent and recent meta-analysis shows that favorable results were observed only in studies with quite high amounts of soybean protein ( 13 ) and that there were no effects when the participants consumed about 25 g of SPI daily for 6 wk ( 14 , 15 ). These findings suggest that at least 30 g of soy protein and more than 6 wk administration are necessary to achieve favorable changes in blood l...

Амурский медицинский журнал №3 -4 (15 -16)ence of chronic diseases in the cadets overall efect on the level of vitamin D (p=0.025), but this is not due to nosological forms (p=0,189>0.05). From the bone-joint system, there are diferences in the levels of vitamin D at 5 % level of signiicance, with low levels of vitamin D observed in the cadets with the chest deformity and lat feet. Thus, there is a contribution to an insuicient level of vitamin D are contributing factors such as the combination of in the body available virus -bacterial infection on the background of chronic pathology of gastrointestinal tract and disorders KSS-71,4%. It has the value of summer holiday of teenagers in areas of high solar insolation resulting in increased and even in winter was signiicantly higher than in adolescents, the vacation of which took place in the zone of low insolation(p<0.001). Inluenced by and taking multivitamins which include prophylactic dose of cholecalciferol (400-500МЕ) Alphabet, and Vitrum Duovit in contrast to the group with low vitamin D and adolescents did not take multivitamins(p<0.001).The analysed results indicate a high frequency of failure and deiciency of cholecalciferol in the Amur region in children 15-17 years of 86.6% with a mean level of vitamin 25(Oh)D=26,74±0,81 ng/ml.Conclusion. To prevent low vitamin D level of adolescents is necessary to study 25(OH)D, its correction and control, taking into account risk factors for developing deiciency of vitamin D. Prophylactic administration of vitamin D should continue, and adolescent children year-round, given the low solar insolation, with the use of vitamin d compounds. Literature 1. Holick M. F. Vitamin D deiciency. N. Engl

Background. The primary specialization branches of agriculture in Tyumen Province are plant production and dairy farming, with cattle husbandry being lately introduced, which implies a demand for feed crops, in particular perennial grasses, among which smooth brome (Bromopsis inermis (Leyss.) Holub) is the most widespread. With such demand in mind, the Research Institute of Agriculture for the Northern Trans-Urals has been engaged in studying pasture grasses in order to find and develop new lines adaptable to local conditions. The purpose of the study was to examine the dynamics in forage productivity of smooth brome for a 4-year period of utilization to produce varietal characteristics of the breeding material.Materials and methods. Observations were carried out in 2014–2017 in a competitive testing nursery (CTN) set up for smooth brome plants sown in 2013. Cultivars and breeding lines, 17 accessions in total, were the material of the study. Their herbage yield was analyzed for 4 years when the grass stand was utilized (5 years of life). The accessions were classified into productivity groups and according to their utilization possibilities. Results and conclusions. Over the 4-year period of utilization in the CTN, the smooth brome accessions were distributed into 6 productivity groups according to the amounts of herbage collected – from 8 to 30 t/ha (with an interval of 4 t/ha). In the 1st and 2nd years of testing, the yield was in the range of 21.3–30 t/ha; in the 3rd and 4th years, there was a decrease to 8.0–19.6 t/ha. Comparison of the data for each of the accessions showed that all of them reduced their productivity to varying degrees – from 32 to 72%, the evidence of a significant difference between them. Thus, it became possible to divide them into 3 groups, reflecting their advantages in the context of targeted utilization in the environments of Tyumen Province: I. Haymaking group: accessions with the highest herbage yield in the 1st year of utilization (28–30 t/ha) and its significant decrease by 68–72% to the 4th year of utilization may be suitable for short-term use in field crop rotations (the reference ‘Langepas’; 7-1-67; 10-1-15; 19-3-37). II. Haymakinggrazing group: accessions with medium productivity in the 1st year of utilization (24–27 t/ha) and its moderate reduction by 42–64% to the 4th year of utilization can be used in forage rotations for 5–7 years (‘Argonavt’; ‘Ingair’; ‘Stepasha’; ‘Yarilo’; 7-1-54; 15-2-63; 4-4-17; 7-4-49; 4-2-20). III. Grazing group: accessions with low productivity in the 1st year of utilization (20–23 t/ha) and its slow decline by 39–50% to the 4th year of utilization are promising for long-term exploitation when pastures are established, or special-purpose lawns are sown, or disturbed lands are recultivated (‘Sverdlovsk 38’; ‘Zauralets’; 5-3-8; 1-11).

Характеристика жирнокислотного состава молока коров при включении в их рацион активированных и обогащенных кремнийсодержащих добавок РЕЗЮМЕ Актуальность. В настоящее время повышению качества сельскохозяйственной продукции уделяется постоянное внимание. Пищевая ценность и товарное качество молока зависят от его химического состава и свойств, которые находятся под влиянием многочисленных факторов, наиболее важным из которых является кормление животных. Возрастает перспективность использования в животноводстве кормовых добавок на основе природных агроминералов. К ним относят такие кремнийсодержащие сорбенты, как цеолит, диатомит, бентонит, трепел, монтмориллонит.Материал и методы. Производственные испытания продолжительностью 100 дней проведены в ООО «Агрофирма "Тетюшское" Ульяновской области. Объектом исследования стали: коровы черно-пестрой породы. По принципу аналогов сформировали 4 группы, в каждой по 50 коров. Кормление осуществлялись хозяйственными рационами, отличие было в следующем: 1-я группа получала только хозяйственный рацион (ОР); 2-я получала ОР и добавку модифицированного цеолита, обогащенного аминокислотным комплексом растительного происхождения (препарат «Aminobiol»); 3-я группа получала ОР и добавку модифицированного диатомита, обогащенного такими же аминокислотами. Коровам 4-й группы давали ОР и добавку модифицированного диатомита без аминокислот.Результаты. Скармливание модифицированных кремнийсодержащих добавок, обогащенных аминокислотами положительно влияет на жирнокислотный состав молока коров, повышает концентрацию каприновой (С10:0), лауриновой (С12:0), миристиновой (С14:0), пальмитиновой (С16:0) и маргариновой (С17:0) жирных кислот, молочную продуктивность, улучшает качественный состав молока.

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