Aim. To investigate the process of formation of the circular economy in Russia within the framework of ensuring sustainable development and to identify the problems of forming a circular economy and the barriers that hinder the process of implementing business models of a circular economy in enterprises.Materials and Methods. Our study is based on systems analysis, comparative and statistical methods.Discussion. The research results have confirmed the necessity of transition to the formation a circular economy in Russia. This is despite the fact that the volume of recycled waste arising from production and consumption in Russia is growing faster than that of its generation, the actual proportion of recycling and waste disposal is growing rather slowly (somewhat more than 50%), while the proportion of the volume of production and consumption waste placed at company facilities, on average, amounted to 50% for the period analysed. Greenhouse gas emissions also have a negative impact on the environment with those of the "Economy" sector accounting for almost 79% thus determining the relevance of transition to renewable energy.Conclusion. The transition to a circular economy, in particular as a result of the use of renewable energy, will reduce the negative impact of anthropogenic pressure on the environment and ensure a balance between the environmental, economic and social components of sustainable development.

Aim. The article aims to study the dynamics of greenhouse gas emissions as they depend on the type and structure of economic activity in the Russian Federation (RF); to identify the impact of the pandemic and its consequences on the energy sector development and to justify the need to switch to renewable energy to ensure the sustainable economic development of Russia.Materials and Methods. In the process of conducting this study, statistical methods of analysis, system analysis method and the comparative method of analysis were used.Results. The results of the study have confirmed the need to switch to renewable energy in order to ensure the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions into the environment (each unit of energy generated by RES will reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 50‐200 %). The reason is that the economy sector accounts for almost 79% of such emissions, which makes the transition to renewable energy relevant to ensuring the sustainable economic development of Russia.Conclusion. Achievement of the internationally recognized Sustainable Development Goals, in particular Goal 7 «Ensuring Access to Affordable, Reliable, Sustainable and Modern Energy Sources for All» in the context of a pandemic and its consequences necessitates energy sector reform. This could be achieved by increasing the share of renewable energy in order to reduce greenhouse gas emissions into the environment and, accordingly, to prevent further climate change, one of the main causes of not only environmental but also of economic damage.

The article discusses the effectiveness of led lighting from the perspective of ecology and energy saving. The authors put a hypothesis that in the long term value of environmental benefits from switching to led lighting is a priority of the feasibility. To answer this question an experiment is conducted. The main technical characteristics of the experimental conditions: the total area of the apartment is 65 square meters; ceiling height - 2.55 m. the apartment is home To 2 people. 6 lighting devices installed 19 of bulbs: 7 bulbs of the firm «Osram» 60 watts, 9 energy-saving lamps of the company «Navigator» with power of 20 W, and 3 energy-saving lamps of the company «Camelion» with power of 20 watts. It is shown that the average family saves about 2599.225 RUB. per year family income on electricity bills. But it carries a lump sum (one-time) costs in the amount of RUB 7980 Market value available (before the experiment) 7 incandescent lamps and energy saving lamps 12 is 2194 RUB. Therefore, the increase of the cost of buying led lamps in comparison with traditional recruitment (7+19) is equal to RUB 5786.