The objective of this study was to quantify the effects of canopy temperature on physiochemical quality of soybean planted on different dates. An experiment was conducted at the Agriculture Research Farm of the NWFP Agricultural University, Peshawar, during 2006 and 2007. Determinate cultivars (Epps, maturity group [MG] V) and indeterminate cultivar, Williams 82 [MG] 111) were planted on May 1 st to August 1 st at one month interval during both years. Data was recorded on canopy temperature and physio-chemical attributes of soybean. Heat indices were calculated from canopy maximum and minimum temperatures for the periods between growth stages starting from beginning of bloom to physiological Maturity (R3-R7). Physiochemical attributes were regressed on different heat indices. Canopy temperature during reproductive growth stages of R4-R5, R5-R6 and R6-R7 had pronounced effect on physiochemical quality of soybean. Increase in mean averaged temperature in the range of 23-30 o C during growth stage of R6-R7 improved germination, field emergence, and increase seedling dry weight, protein and oil contents of soybean seed. Whereas, increase in mean temperature averaged in the range of 23 to 30 o C during reproductive growth stage of seed beginning to full-seed (R5-R6) reduced germination, field emergence, electrical conductivity, protein and oil contents of soybean seed. Increase in maximum temperature in the range of 32 to 37 o C during growth stage of full bloom to seed initiation (R4-R5) decreased seedling dry weight and oil content of soybean seed.

Ten genotypes of chickpeas viz. CM-1, CM-2, CM-72, CM-88, CM-1918, C-44, K-850, C-727, Thal White and 86135, were compared for their relative drought tolerance in terms of yield and yield components in field experiment. The genotype CM-2 proved superior to other varieties in almost all the characters studied. It produced maximum number of pods per plant (87.20), gave the highest yield per plant (18.97 g), and more elliptic index of leaf (71.81) under stress conditions. Based on these characters this genotype may be advanced further.

SBR Snacks, bergerak di bidang makanan, memproduksi berbagai macam makanan ringan seperti roti, keripik pisang dan opak gambir. Masalah pada industri ini adalah ketika memesan produk yang sama, jika proses pembuatannya berbeda untuk setiap pesanan, maka akan terjadi keterlambatan dalam proses pembuatannya. Dalam penelitian ini, studi waktu dilakukan dengan mengamati tiga produk yang biasa diproduksi oleh industri dalam negeri dari makanan ringan tersebut. Berdasarkan survei waktu yang dilakukan, ditemukan bahwa tidak ada standar waktu yang ditetapkan untuk proses pembuatan setiap produk. Prosedur penyesuaian dan toleransi digunakan saat mengatur waktu standar. Dari hasil penelitian didapatkan waktu baku untuk setiap produk adalah untuk produk roti 1670,34 detik , keripik pisang 2205,84 detik , opak gambir 2268,84 detik.

Cherries sprayed with 500, 1000, 1500 and 2000 mg/l daminozide solution were analysed for daminozide residues 7, 14, 21 and 28 d after the spray. The residues decreased with time and the difference between the first and fourth week residues was significant (P< 0.05) for each treatment. The residues in peaches were measured 18 weeks after the spray and were not significantly different for each treatment. There was a strong correlation (r=0.98) between the residues in cherries and the daminozide concentration in spray. The recommended concentration of darninozide spray (1000 mg/l) for cherries and peaches resulted in residues below the National Health and Medical Research Council limit of 30 mg/kg for pome fruit.