Studies on the genotypic structure of the Altai white down breed by BLG, IGF-1, and CSN3 genes are presented. Genomic DNA was isolated from the blood of 113 animals using the Amplie Prime DNA-Sorb-B clinical extraction kit. Molecular genetic reactions were performed on a C1000 BioRad amplifier. Visualization and identification of the results were determined by flatbed electrophoresis in 2% agarose gel using the E-BoxCX5.TS-20.M gel-documentation system (France) in transmitted ultraviolet light. As a result, the frequency of genotypes and alleles was established as follows: BLGS1S1 – 17,7%, BLGS1S2 – 57,5, BLGS2S2 – 24, respectively; BLGS1 – 0,46; BLGS2 – 0,54; IGFAA – 2,7; IGFAB – 28,3 и IGFBB – 69,0%. The allele frequencies are IGFA – 0,17 and IGFB – 0,83. The CSN3 gene in Altai white down goats was monomorphic for the CSN3А allele. Analysis of the actual and theoretical distribution of BLG and IGF1 genotypes of goat genes indicates a genetic equilibrium in the flock. The down productivity of the studied animals is fleece - 680 g, down fineness -19.13 microns, and down length - 9.29 cm. Goats with the IGFAB genotype have more wool than the homozygotic IGFAA genotype. The fat content of the milk ranges from 6.03-6.24%, the protein content is 3.48-3.72%, and the lactose content is 4.56-4.90%. The study of milk quality indicators of Altai white down goats with different genotypes of BLG, IGF, and CSN3 revealed no significant differences. However, goats tend to increase milk fat and caloric content with the IGFAA genotype - 7.62. The studied goats of the Altai white down breed had a high equilibrium of indicators by live weight, length of down, down content in percentage, and down fineness - Cv˂10%.

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Симментальская порода скота, одна из древнейших пород мира, благодаря крепкому здоровью, возможности хорошо переваривать большое количество грубых кормов, короткому межотельному периоду и легким отелам порода успешно разводится в раз

Г.М. Гончаренко, доктор биологических наук 2 Т.Б. Каргачакова, старший научный сотрудник 1 Н.Б. Гришина, кандидат биологических наук 1 Т.С. Хорошилова, научный сотрудник 1 О.Л. Халина, младший научный сотрудник 1 Сибирский федеральный научный центр агробиотехнологий РАН, Новосибирск, Россия 2 Горно-алтайский научно-исследовательский институт сельского хозяйства-филиал ФГБНУ Федеральный Алтайский научный центр агробиотехнологий, п. Майма, Россия

The genotypic characteristics of the Sapphire genotype (SG) pigs and their hybridization with the вoars Landras (L) and Duroc (D) of 2-breed (SGхL) and 3-breed [(SGxL) xD] hybrids by genes: FABR-H, FABR-D, Ms4r, LEP, ECR, RYR-1 was investigated. In SG animals, the frequency of the ECRGG genotype, which is increased in comparison with 2- and 3- breed hybrids, is 0.41-0.54. Two-breed hybrids are characterized by a higher frequency of the genotype FABP HH (by 0.22-0.27) and FABP dd (by 0.27-0.39) than SG and three-breed. The peculiarity of the 3-breed hybrids (SGxL) xD is the higher frequency of the homozygous genotype Ms4r AA (by 0.24-0.34), and the lower frequency of the heterozygous Mc4r AG (by 0.19-0.43) compared with pure SG and 2-breed hybrids. The polymorphism of the LEP and RYR-1 genes in the compared groups of pigs is mainly represented by the desired genotypes LEPTT (71-75 %) and RYR-1NN (71-86 %). The indices of genetic similarity between the SG and hybrids were determined. The most significant differences were found between 2-breed and 3-breed hybrids (0.7634 ± 0.0613), which can be explained by the presence of blood of the breed D. General homozygosity (GH ) in pigs SG was 24.89 %, in 3-breed hybrids - 14.6 %. The genotypic structure of stress-resistant and stress-sensitive animals and associative connection of genotypes with energy of growth are revealed. Piglets with genotype FABPHH, resistant to stress, during the growing period surpassed their peers with the FABPHh and FABPhh genotypes by an average daily gain of 81-139 g, sensitive to stress by 134 g. Animals with the FABPDD genotype, stress-resistant, had the highest energy of growth (593 g), which was higher than in peers with the homozygous genotype FABP Ddd by 91 g and heterozygous FABP DDd by 157 g. Among the piglets sensitive to stress, individuals with the LEPTT genotype had a higher growth energy of 87 g compared to heterozygous LEPTC. Stress-resistant pigs with the RYRNn genotype outperformed homozygous peers of RYRNN in this indicator by 95 g. Among the carriers of the Mc4r and ECR genotypes, no differences in growth energy of the pigs were detected.