The effect of using fermented purple yam leaves pellet (Ipomoea batatas var. Ayamurasaki) by effective microorganism 4 (em-4) in the ration on performance of broiler chicken

Penelitian ini dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh level protein pakan yang berbeda dengan dan tanpa suplementasi enzim protease terhadap bobot akhir, karkas, non karkas dan lemak abdomen ayam broiler. Sebanyak  96 ekor ayam DOC strain CP 707 digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Metode yang digunakan ialah Rancangan Acak Lengkap pola faktorial 2x3, yaitu faktor enzim (E) dengan perlakuan, (E0 = tanpa enzim dan E1 = dengan enzim) dan faktor kadar protein (P) dengan perlakuan, P1 (Protein 19 %); P2 (18 persen%) ; P3 (Protein 17 %). Ada enam kombinasi perlakuan yang berbeda untuk ransum dengan dan tanpa suplemene enzim pada setiap level  protein. Setiap ulangan menggunakan empat ekor ayam. Semua ransum penelitian mengandung EM 3200 Kkal/kg. Bobot akhir, persentase karkas, non karkas, dada, paha dan lemak abdomen merupakan karakteristik untuk diamati. Penelitian ini membuktikan suplementasi enzim protease nyata (P<0,05) meningkatkan bobot akhir, persentase karkas, dan menurunkan persentase lemak abdomen. Pakan perlakuan pada level protein yang berbeda berpengaruh sama terhadap bobot akhir, persentase karkas, non karkas dan lemak abdominal ayam broiler. Interkasi tidak nyata antara suplementasi enzim protease dengan level protein untuk bobot akhir, persentase karkas, non karkas dan lemak abdomen. Kesimpulan, ransum perlakuan level protein 18% dengan suplementasi enzim protease meningkatkan bobot akhir, persentase karkas dan non karkas dan menurunkan lemak abdomen ayam broiler. This study was aimed to determine the effect of different feed protein levels with and without protease enzyme supplementation on final weight, carcass, non-carcass and abdominal fat of broiler chickens. A total of 96 DOC chickens strain CP 707 were used in this study. The method used is a completely randomized design with a 2x3 factorial pattern, namely the enzyme factor (E) with treatment, (E0 = without enzymes and E1 = with enzymes) and protein content factor (P) with treatment, P1 (Protein 19%); P2 (18 percent%); P3 (Protein 17%). There were six different treatment combinations for rations with and without enzyme supplementation at each protein level. Each replication used four chickens. All research rations contained EM 3200 Kcal/kg. Final weight, percentage of carcass, non carcass, chest, thigh and abdominal fat were characteristics to be observed. This study proved that protease enzyme supplementation significantly (P<0.05) increased final weight, carcass percentage, and decreased abdominal fat percentage. Feed treatment at different protein levels had the same effect on final weight, percentage of carcass, non-carcass and abdominal fat of broiler chickens. There was no significant interaction between protease enzyme supplementation and protein levels for final weight, percentage of carcass, non-carcass and abdominal fat. In conclusion, the ration of 18% protein level treatment with protease enzyme supplementation increased final weight, carcass and non-carcass percentages and decreased broiler abdominal fat.

In general, the determination of the price of cattle is based on the condition of the cattle's body. This will result in an unsatisfactory transfer of revenue value for farmers, because the bargaining position is still weak. In addition, transactions in the marketing chain of beef products and their by-products have not yet been solidly established, so the obligations and rights of some parties are not guaranteed. The objective was to analyze the role of stakeholders in each supply chain and distribution of value chains as revenue in the marketing transactions of cattle, beef, and derivative products. The study was conducted in West Timor, which has 85.0% of the cattle population in NTT. Four sample districts (Kupang, TTS, TTU and Belu) in 8 sample sub-districts or 16 sample villages were included in the study. Respondents in marketing activities consisted of farmers, village traders, sub-district/district traders, slaughter traders, inter-island traders, by-product/waste traders, as well as beef, cowhide, bone, and fat/blood processing industries. Data collection were conducted by a questionnaire-based interview. The data were analyzed descriptively-quantitatively with a supply chain analysis model.  It canbe concluded that (1) Market supply chains include cattle traders (farmers, village traders, sub-district traders, inter-island traders and slaughtering traders), as well as beef traders (fresh beef retailers, frozen beef exporting traders, and processed beef products traders); (2) The ideal model of the value chain in the form of revenue share from marketing of cattle, beef, processed beef products, by-products, and cattle waste has not been fully established in NTT; (3) The ideal model includes five marketing blocks (cattle block, beef block, processed beef block, by-product block, and waste block).

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