Food security is considered as the most important component of the national security of the state and as one of the goals of social, economic and agricultural policy, the ways of its achievement are shown. The conditions for substantiating conclusions and conclusions in studies of consumption safety are given. It is proposed to consider security as a characteristic of the quality of a system that determines its ability and ability to self-preservation. Mandatory conditions are given under which safety is ensured, actions to maintain it are indicated, quantitative and qualitative characteristics are given. The main threats and risks to the safety of consumption and ways to prevent them are considered. Attention is paid to international cooperation to create a legal framework in this area. The main regulatory legal acts regulating the sphere of consumer safety in the Russian Federation are given. The corresponding conclusion is made. It is shown that continuous improvement of the food safety system contributes to increasing the efficiency of individual sectors of agriculture and processing industry, as also increasing the competitiveness of their products.