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A detailed investigation of the effect of the shape of an open combustion chamber for diesel engine on the air velocity pattern, and consequently, on the trajectory of the fuel spray is given in this paper. A theoretical model for the calculation of the spray penetration, taking into consideration the heat transfer to the droplet, the variation of the drag force with Reynolds number, and air velocity pattern, is suggested. The effect of some working conditions on the spray shape, trajectory, and penetration is experimentally studied to verify the theoretical model and to correlate the results of using different medium pressures, initial spray velocity, and injection angle on the magnitude of fuel spray diameter and spray volume.