Abstract. The northern Eurasian regions and Arctic Ocean will very likely undergo substantial changes during the next decades. The Arctic-boreal natural environments play a crucial role in the global climate via albedo change, carbon sources and sinks as well as atmospheric aerosol production from biogenic volatile organic compounds. Furthermore, it is expected that global trade activities, demographic movement, and use of natural resources will be increasing in the Arctic regions. There is a need for a novel research approach, which not only identifies and tackles the relevant multi-disciplinary research questions, but also is able to make a holistic system analysis of the expected feedbacks. In this paper, we introduce the research agenda of the Pan-Eurasian Experiment (PEEX), a multi-scale, multi-disciplinary and international program started in 2012 (https://www.atm.helsinki.fi/peex/). PEEX sets a research approach by which large-scale research topics are investigated from a system perspective and which aims to fill the key gaps in our understanding of the feedbacks and interactions between the land-atmosphereaquatic-society continuum in the northern Eurasian region. We introduce here the state of the art for the key topics in the PEEX research agenda and present the future prospects of the research, which we see relevant in this context.

No abstract

No abstract

Lake Onega is the second largest lake in Europe after Lake Ladoga. This paper is a part of the project concerning a general plan of water protection, as expressed in the Water Framework Directive. The aim of this paper was to present an investigation of the status of Lake Onega and to present steady state and dynamic modelling approach in order to assess the impacts of different loading scenarios of water quality of Lake Onega. In the project more catchment and water quality models were used but in this paper these models were chosen. The presented steady state model was the mass balance model of Vollenweider and the dynamic model is the box-type model AQUATOX. While Lake Onega preserves a good status of water as a whole, the problems with pollution and eutrophication exist in Petrozavodsk and Kondopoga Bays where anthropogenic loading is more pronounced.