The present work presents translational research with application of AgNPs targeting the global drug resistance problem. In vivo fieldwork was carried out with 400 breeding farm cows sick with a serous mastitis. Ex vivo results revealed that after cow treatment with LactobayTM (a mixture of antibiotic drugs) the susceptibility to 31 antibiotics of S. aureus isolates from cow breast secretion decreased by 25%, while after treatment with Argovit–CTM silver nanoparticles S. aureus susceptibility increased by 11%. The portion of isolates with an efflux effect leading to elimination of antibiotics from S. aureus after Lactobay-treatment resulted in a 15% increase, while Argovit-C-treatment led to a 17.5% decrease. The obtained results showed that mastitis treatments with Argovit-CTM AgNPs can partially restore the activity of antibiotics towards S. aureus and shorten the duration of mastitis treatment by 33%.

The present work is a continuation of our translational research focusing on the use of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) to solve the global problem of antibiotic resistance. In vivo fieldwork was done with 300 breeding farm cows with serous mastitis. Ex vivo assays revealed that after cow treatment with the antibiotic drug Spectromast LCTM, S.dysgalactiae susceptibility to 31 antibiotics dropped by 22.9%, but after treatment with Argovit–CTM AgNPs, it was raised by 13.1%. This was explained by the fact that the percentage of isolates with an efflux effect after Spectromast LC treatment resulted in an 8% increase, while Argovit-C-treatment caused a 19% decrease. The similarity of these results to our previous results on S. aureus isolates from mastitis cows treated with the antibiotic drug Lactobay and Argovit–CTM AgNPs was shown. So, mastitis treatments with Argovit-CTM AgNPs can partially return the activity of antibiotics towards S.dysgalactiae and S. aureus, while, in contrast, treatments with antibiotic drugs such as Spectromast LC and Lactobay enhance bacterial resistance to antibiotics. The results of this work strengthen the hope that in the future the use of AgNPs as efflux pump inhibitors will recover the activity of antibiotics, and thus will preserve the wide spectrum of antibiotics on the market.

The current work is a continuation of our studies focused on the application of nanoparticles of metallic silver (AgNPs) to address the global problem of antibiotic resistance. In vivo, fieldwork was carried out with 200 breeding cows with serous mastitis. Ex vivo analyses showed that after the cow was treated with an antibiotic-containing drug DienomastTM, E. coli sensibility to 31 antibiotics decreased by 27.3%, but after treatment with AgNPs, it increased by 21.2%. This could be explained by the 8.9% increase in the portion of isolates showing an efflux effect after DienomastTM treatment, while treatment with Argovit-CTM resulted in a 16.0% drop. We verified the likeness of these results with our previous ones on S. aureus and Str. dysgalactiae isolates from mastitis cows processed with antibiotic-containing medicines and Argovit-CTM AgNPs. The obtained results contribute to the recent struggle to restore the efficiency of antibiotics and to preserve the wide range of antibiotics on the world market.

The increase in bacterial resistance to antibiotics is a global problem for public health. In our previous works, it was shown that the application of AgNPs in cow mastitis treatment increased S. aureus and S. dysgalactiae susceptibility to 31 antibiotics due to a decrease in the bacterial efflux effect. The aim of the present work was to shed light on whether the change in adhesive and anti-lysozyme activities caused by AgNPs also contribute to the restoration of bacterial susceptibility to antibiotics. In vivo sampling was performed before and after cow mastitis treatments with antibiotics or AgNPs. The isolates were identified, and the adhesive and anti-lysozyme activities were assessed. These data were compared with the results obtained for in vitro pre-treatment of reference bacteria with AgNPs or antibiotics. The present study revealed that bacterial treatments in vitro and in vivo with AgNPs: (1) decrease the bacterial ability to adhere to cells to start an infection and (2) decrease bacterial anti-lysozyme activity, thereby enhancing the activity of lysozyme, a natural “antibiotic” present in living organisms. The obtained data contribute to the perspective of the future application of AgNPs for recovering the activity of antibiotics rapidly disappearing from the market.