Fluid insulating medium is used for electrical insulation and provides a cooling medium in high voltage power transformers. Due to this reason, petroleum based mineral oil (transformer oil) is mostly used for a number of years which holds the benefit of cost effectiveness and good flow rate. This benefit leads to more requirements of oil that may cause oil scarcity in the near future. In order to overcome the scarcity in forthcoming years many research works focus on identifying the best approach for regeneration of oils. In this paper, activated carbon obtained from the agricultural waste is used which acts as the absorbent of impurities. Use of activated carbon is a perfect approach for regeneration of oils. Critical characteristics such as breakdown voltage, flash point, fire point and viscosity are measured for the pure and aged mineral oil with and without adding activated carbon. By this approach it is found that the activated carbon with used oil 1, used oil 2 and fresh oil provides continuous improvement of properties as per IEC (International Electrotechnical Commission) and ASTM (American Society for Testing and Materials) standards which will reduce the oil consumption and cost. From the analysis, it reveals that mineral oil with activated carbon has better properties and the use of activated carbon is the best practice of regeneration of oils.

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The fault location identification is difficult as one has to travel hundreds of kilometer to inspect visually in transmission line. Distance relaying methods are used for protection of transmission lines. In general, pilot relaying is used for protection of transmission line with the help of sending end and receiving end communication system. A distance relay measures the impedance between the fault location and relay point to determine whether a fault is internal or external to a protection zone. This project proposes the distance relay to identify the fault zone. The Western System Coordinating Council (WSCC) 3machine, 9-bus system is taken as test case. The proposed relay method is simulated in MATLAB/Simulink environment. The different faults are created in various buses of test system. The performances of the relay model are plotted. The fault in the test systems are observed from the plot and the command signal is given to trip the circuit breaker. B_act(Mho) 3.32E-04 2.98E-04 5.78E-04 C_act(F)