No abstract

The quantities of the origins that are being produced, the varieties of traditionally wellknown high quality, respectively, for the time being cannot meet the demands of the tobacco processing companies and of the large international cigarette manufacturers, who purchase these tobaccos. Improvement of zoning and variety restructuring may lead to the achievement of certain enlargement of the origins. Thus, it will increase the opportunities to provide stable quantities of similar quality tobaccos, of which uniform export batches are prepared. This study aims at making a technological assessment of the quality indicators of varieties of Krumovgrad origin, grown in certain regions in Bulgaria and comparing them to those grown in the traditional regions or the so-called "typical" tobaccos of such subgroup. The comparison of tobacco quality was made on the basis of the assessment of the technological indicators: physical indicators; chemical composition of tobacco and tobacco smoke; "image" taking; organoleptic assessment. It was established keeping of the general character in the expression of the quality of the different varieties of Krumovgrad subgroup variety, grown in the studied regions and as a matter of fact, their assessment didn't demonstrate any significant differences. The influence of the genetic factor (variety) is clearly expressed with the varieties of the origin, i.e. it proved to be adaptive to the new conditions.

The Bulgarian Bent-toed Gecko (Mediodactylus danilewskii Strauch, 1887) is one of the two species of geckos inhabiting the territory of Bulgaria. In the recent years, new information on its distribution was published and big amount of data were collected. We organized an information platform for sharing data on the biology and live-range of M. danilewskii in inland North-East Bulgaria. This gecko is a highly synanthropic species which is often observed by citizens. Here we report on four new observation spots and also confirm the presence of the species from recently published localities. All data were recorded by volunteers, hence we discuss on the methods for documentation of the specimens and the critical role of the citizen science to assess the range of distribution of the species.

The need from increasing and stabilization of the production of tobacco origins and varieties of high market demands made us study the opportunities to extend their production. It also refers to Dzhebel origin, known for its traditional high quality. This study aims at making a technological assessment of the quality indicators of varieties of Dzhebel origin, grown in certain regions in our country and comparing them to those grown in the traditional regions or the so-called "typical" tobaccos of such sub-group variety. The study was made on the basis of the assessment of the technological indicators, describing their quality: physical indicators; chemical composition of tobacco; tobacco smoke composition; spectrophotometric assessment; expert's assessment; taste assessment. More significant differences are established between the compared samples at the expert's assessment, as the tobaccos from the "typical" regions prove to have better indicators. When compared to the varieties from "Krumovgrad" origin, the influence of the genetic factor (variety) is less expressed with the varieties from "Dzhebel" origin, i.e. it appears less adaptive to the new conditions.

The Virginia tobacco growing in different ecological and production conditions reflect in different rate to its characteristic qualities. The aim of present investigation is to establish influence of variety and area /sub-area/ for forming quality i.e. for uniformity or differences in quality indexes of different Virginia tobacco varieties, produced in different areas /sub-areas/. The tobaccos from different samples analyze in respect of tobacco chemical composition, smoke composition and physical indexes. The spectrophotometric assessment "take down of image" of Virginia type tobaccos is made from two varieties, produced in different areas. The investigations show that in respect of area influence (subarea) on tobacco quality hasn't obvious expressed determination. In definite cases determine importance has variety and in other sub-area. In most cases the area importance is dominant. The mutual influence of variety and area (ecological and climate conditions) confirms for forming Virginia tobaccos quality.