The monograph is devoted to topical issues of international security and strategic stability in the context of accelerated development of information and communication technologies. It justifies the importance of ensuring international information security. The monograph examines the possibility of establishing an ITarms control regime under the UN auspices. Different aspects of regulation of software security systems and of the use of supercomputers in the context of the international information security are examined. The impact of information and communication technologies on strategic stability is analyzed. This monograph is addressed to specialists in the field of information and communication technologies and international security, university lecturers, students and graduate students of universities, as well as a wide range of readers.

Аннотация. Представлен анализ актуальных военно-политических проблем в информационной сфере, которые носят глобальный, стратегический характер и требуют незамедлительного создания механизмов международного управления, одним из которых могут стать Правила поведения государств в информационном пространстве, принятия которых в ООН целенаправленно добивается Россия. В статье выявлены признаки наличия проблемы применения информационно-коммуникационных технологий (ИКТ) в военно-политических целях для осуществления враждебных действий и актов агрессии, представлены ИКТ-средства для применения в военной области и проанализированы возможности осуществления угроз, создающих проблему. Указаны тенденции, увеличивающие риски для военных объектов как части критически важной государственной инфраструктуры. Обоснован вывод о том, что защита таких объектов от ИКТ-угроз является одной из важнейших проблем современности. Ключевые слова: информационно-коммуникационные технологии (ИКТ), информационное пространство, кибероружие, информационная угроза, киберугроза, кибератака, критически важные объекты государственной инфраструктуры.

Information and communication technologies (ICTs) have transformed society and the economy and expanded opportunities for international cooperation. However, the unique capabilities of ICTs are used not only for the common good of humanity. Today, we are talking about an accelerated increase in threats in the information and cyberspace. Many states consider them as additional, but often these are the main spaces for military-political confrontation. Thus, the issues of inadmissibility of application of ICTs with military and political purposes for realization of hostile actions and acts of aggression are critically urgent acute. For this reason, the task of ensuring international information security has become part of the agenda for one of the six main committees of the UN General Assembly (UNGA) – the First Committee, where states investigate threats to peace, seek for ways to promote global security and disarmament. Discussion on international information security issues within this Committee plays a crucial role and requires a deep analysis by the scientific and expert community. The article presents the results of this analysis, starting from 1998, when the problem of international information security was first discussed at the UN on the initiative of Russia. The study identifies and investigates the possibilities and prospects of implementing the main goal in the process of ensuring international information security: namely, the creation of an international legal regime to ban the development, production and use of information and cyber weapons. In addition, this paper includes the results of a study on the UN work and prospects for its success in maintaining international information security in a new format: within the framework of the Open Ended Working Group (OEWG) organized in 2019 at the suggestion of Russia, and the UN Group of Governmental Experts (GGE) proposed by the United States. The output of both groups is going to have a significant impact on information security trends and policies on a global scale. Therefore, a timely scientific analysis of the issue, current challenges and threats, as well as the forecast of trends and prospects for enhancing international information security, presented in the article, are currently among the most relevant tasks.

The article is devoted to the analysis of the growing number of problems in the global environment of information and communication technologies (ICT), which characterize the current crisis military-political situation. Until recently, experts from different countries spoke about many of them purely theoretically, and possible scenarios of using ICT for malicious infl uence on military critical infrastructure were sometimes even denied. Now this problem is not only recognized by the scientific and expert community, but we are already talking about the voiced facts of the practical use of cyber weapons, other information and cyber means in the conditions of the crisis. Thus, the malicious use of ICT can provoke the outbreak of an interstate military confl ict. First of all, because of the disproportionate use of methods of responding to threats and attacks, when the aff ected party can use real weapons in response. In addition, a confl ict may arise by mistake, since there is currently no universal methodology for identifying violators, criteria for classifying cyberattacks as an armed attack have not been worked out, universal principles for investigating incidents have not been formed. The issues of coordination of measures taken in response to information operations recognized as acts of use of force have not yet been resolved. As a result, information wars and the use of new technologies can become the detonator of an interstate military confl ict with the use of even nuclear weapons. Therefore, the question of the need for active actions of the "great powers" to prevent confl icts in the global information space, which in the conditions of military operations can develop into a global confl ict, is as relevant as possible. The article provides a factual analysis of ICT threats during the special military operation of Russia, explores the possibilities of creating an international regime for the prohibition of information (including cybernetic) weapons, the relevance and increasing importance of studying these processes by the scientific community. The article substantiates the formulation of the problem of international information security as part of a broader topic of international security against the background of global challenges.

Purpose: To identify the current possibilities of the use of artificial earth satellites for military purposes, as well as the problems of illegal destructive use of satellites during hostilities based on analysis and systematization according to various parameters of functions of satellites as part of the modern global information space and to develop proposals that can reduce the likelihood of escalation of the conflict during the crisis. Research method: analysis of open sources on the purposeful use of modern AES, synthesis and scientific forecasting, expert assessment, factological analysis of the AES within the framework of a systematic approach. Result: the article presents an analysis and systematization significant dynamic changes at the cosmic level of the global information space associated with the large-scale spread and significant increase in the number of artificial earth satellites, as well as with the growing importance of satellites for military purposes. The article pres- ents the classification of satellites performing military functions, reveals the possibilities of modern satellites in the period of crisis and military operations and the analysis of the US satellite constellation as a leader in this field. The author poses the problems of the illegal destructive use of artificial earth satellites during military conflicts, as- sociated with this increase in the risk of cyber threats and an increase in the likelihood of escalation of the conflict, threats to Russia, international security and strategic stability. The article proves the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the satellite constellation are today one of the most important indicators of the influence and potential of the state in the world. Scientific novelty: Proposals have been developed to minimize threats to Russia, as well as to reduce the likeli- hood of an escalation of the conflict during the crisis.