Sida rhombifolia or sidaguri, was taken from two regions in East Java Province, Indonesia, namely Batu (SB) and Ngawi (SN), was investigated in this study. The two samples were determined the content of secondary metabolites by using LC-MS/MS. They were also evaluated for their phytochemical content, total phenolic content (TPC), and antioxidants activity, using the DPPH and ABTS methods. The highest TPC (126.93 ± 0.63 mg GAE / g) was observed in the ethyl acetate fraction of SN. The antioxidant activity against DPPH and ABTS from crude extracts and fractions showed that SB was more potent than SN, although the values were both less active. A total of 54 secondary metabolites were identified by the LC-MS-MS method from both species, with SB samples producing more secondary metabolites (48 compounds) than SN (37 compounds). These compounds are included in lipids, alkaloids, ester lactones, benzoic acid derivatives, steroids, carboxylic acid derivatives, flavonoids, and phenyl propanoic.

In this study, we reported the medicinal and therapeutic potential of 10 Indonesian herbal plants, including their antioxidant activities, metabolite, and mineral content. In all samples, metabolites were extracted from the rhizome of the plants using the maceration method with methanol as solvent. Antioxidant activity of the dried and powdered extract was assessed using the DPPH method, the total phenolic content (TPC) was analyzed using the Folin-Ciocalteu method, the total flavonoid content (TFC) was analyzed using the aluminum chloride colorimetry method, and mineral content was analyzed using XRF Analyzer. Our results TPC and TFC are positively correlated with the antioxidant activity of the extract, for example, high TPC (990.3 mg GAE/) and TFC (104.4 mg QE/g) in Curcuma heyneana extract were accompanied by the high antioxidant activity of the extract. Further, we found that Kempferia galangal L. extract has the most diverse mineral composition, but it has the lowest TPC and antioxidant activity.