This is a prospective randomized case control study to evaluate the role of 17 α hydroxyprogesterone caproate (17OHPC) in the prevention of preterm labor in high risk asymptomatic patients with a history of preterm delivery. METHODS: The study included 100 patients with a singleton pregnancy and having a prior preterm birth. They were divided in 2 groups, group I (treatment group) included 50 asymptomatic patients who were given 17OHPC injections starting from 18-24 weeks till 36 weeks and group II (control group) included 50 patients who did not receive any treatment. RESULTS: The incidence of preterm delivery was found to be 6.6%. The median gestational age at delivery was 36 weeks in group I and 34W5D in controls. 50% cases in group I and 80% of controls delivered prematurely in the group with a prior preterm birth between 20-28 weeks. Conclusion In patients who had a prior history of a preterm delivery the recurrence of a preterm birth was less in the treated group as compared to controls. The median gestational age at delivery was significantly higher in 17OHPC treated patients with history of earliest prior preterm delivery at 20-28 weeks.

PURPOSE OF THE STUDY:This study is undertaken to emphasize the role of ultrasonography in the diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy and clinical analysis of the same in a tertiary care referral hospital. METHODOLOGY: Fifty patients with provisional diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy were studied. Physical examination, urine pregnancy test, transabdominal scan using 5 MHz transducer or transvaginal ultrasonography of 7 MHz was done. The diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy was confirmed by direct observation by laparotomy or laparoscopy (which was taken as gold standard). RESULTS: The study showed ectopic pregnancy was most common in multigravida and in age group 26-35 years with most of them having married life <10 years. One or more risk factors were found in 72% of cases. 88% of cases presented with acute symptoms, 16% of cases in shock. Among clinical presentation pain abdomen, history of amenorrhea, bleeding per vaginum, abdominal tenderness, and cervical motion tenderness was most common. In ultrasonography, complex mass in adnexa was present in 64% of cases and hemoperitoneum in 56%. 94% of cases were tubal pregnancy with most of them tubal rupture. In 96 % of cases, radical surgery was done. Salpingectomy was the most common surgery done (90%). There was two negative laparotomy in this study were we diagnose ruptured corpus luteal cyst in one case. There was no maternal mortality in this series. CONCLUSIONS: In all the 50 cases of ectopic pregnancy studied, the ultrasonography provided definitive diagnosis resulting in 100% sensitivity and 100% specificity, predictive value of positive test being 100%. Ultrasonography done in earlier weeks of gestation had sensitivity of 96% and false negative 4%.

OBJECTIVETo study the prevalence of thyroid disorders and its correlation with menstrual disorders. METHODS200 women aged between 15 and 45 years who attended Gynaecology OPD in Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences, Deemed University, Karad, were included for this cross-sectional study. The study group comprised 100 patients presenting with menstrual complaints. The control group consisted of 100 women of same age group with complaints other than menstrual disorders. Thyroid function tests, anti-TPO antibody estimation, and endometrial sampling were done in all patients. RESULTSIn patients with menstrual disorders and Abnormal Uterine Bleeding, 40% had thyroid disorders in which subclinical hypothyroidism was prevalent in 22%, overt hypothyroidism in 14%, and overt hyperthyroidism in 5% of the women. Autoimmune thyroid antibodies were present in 40% patients of women with menstrual disorders and Abnormal Uterine Bleeding. On endometrial sampling, hypothyroid patients mainly had proliferative endometrial (42.85%) whereas hyperthyroid had atrophic endometrium (60%). CONCLUSIONSThyroid dysfunction is an important causative aetiology of Abnormal Uterine Bleeding and menstrual disorders. Assessment of thyroid function should be done in all patients with Abnormal Uterine Bleeding and menstrual disorders to avoid unnecessary interventions like Dilatation & Curettage and hysterectomy.