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As of the first quarter of 2021, more than 133,796,059 confirmed cases and 2,903,696 deaths were reported worldwide due to the emergence of infection caused by the new coronavirus, COVID-19 («Coronavirus disease 2019») [1]. Due to the emergence of infection caused by the new coronavirus COVID-19, and the difficulties in diagnosing and treating this disease, with an ever-increasing cases, the study and description of this infection is important for scientists and medical professionals around the world. Due to the lack of clarity of the symptoms of COVID-19, we conducted an observational study aimed at identifying the prevalence and severity of gastrointestinal symptoms with an e-survey platform named «Survio: Online Survey Software» using the Internet.

The article provides an overview of current information on the pathogenesis of COVID-19 and organ-specific lesions developing in this disease. The data on inflammation and its biochemical markers, on the features of coagulopathy, endothelial damage and microthrombosis are presented in detail. Particular attention is paid to the role of receptors for angiotensin converting enzyme type 2 and transmembrane serine protease type 2 in the development of organ-specific lesions in COVID-19. The pathogenesis of damage to the cardiovascular system is considered in detail with the presentation of data from foreign literature on changes in the myocardium and the author's results of transthoracic echocardiographic examination in patients who have undergone COVID-19.