No abstract

The forest park landscape is a cultural “anthropogenic landscape”, which assumes optimal and rational use of natural resources in order to create favorable conditions for mass recreation in the natural forest environment. The impact of recreation on the forest park areas, as well as on the territory of all protected areas, has a number of regularities. In cases where the number of visitors significantly above the acceptable level, and resistance is relatively low, the anthropogenic impact is not only visible, but can be damaging to the individual components of the environment, and sometimes to the whole complex in general. Such an impact causes a response from the natural environment. The analysis of the state of the Medvedkovsky forest park was carried out to recognize the main determinants of the negative repercussions on this territory. For this purpose, the flora and fauna, the road and path network, the degree of recreational digression of the territory, as well as the noise impact exerted on it due to its proximity to the MKAD (Moscow ring road) were taken in account.

The background ecological situation on Pekhorka river of the Balashikha district is determined by its location in the eastern part of the Moscow agglomeration. Most of the neighboring industrial centers are located to the west of it, from the side of the prevailing winds. Enterprises harm the air state during construction works. The vast majority of the enterprises are concentrated on the territory of Balashikha. The article discusses an example of calculating air pollution from the enterprise influencing the environmental pollution on the river Pekhorka basin. Air samples were taken and data on emissions of substances into the atmosphere were obtained. The calculation of the impact of the enterprise on atmosphere pollution was carried out with a specialized program. As a result, calculation of the dispersion of pollutants concentrations were carried out, the schematic map of the concentrations of substances nitrogen dioxide and sulfur dioxide was created and measurs for the state of atmospheric air were suggested. Studies had shown that substances’ emissions slightly exceed the MPC and or did not exceed the MPC at all. However, it was necessary to carry out the regular atmosphere state monitoring to prevent damage to the environment.

Control over the state of protected areas in the city is an extremely important activity, as these areas are of great recreational, environmental and educational importance, and the pressure exerted on them by residents of the city and their activities can disrupt the balance in these ecosystems. There are four main types of anthropogenic impact on natural areas: trampling and littering, contamination of water bodies and animal disturbance factors. All these problems are related to the large number of visitors to natural areas. The natural environment has a response to any human impact, which means that it is possible to identify the force of this impact and to form methods to minimize it. The condition of natural-historical park “Kuskovo” is assessed with the help of environmental control methods and devices. The flora and fauna of the territory are considered and the Red Book species are identified. Classification of forest landscapes, analysis of road and path network, recreational digression and noise impact on the investigated area were also made.

The methodical issues of monitoring urban facilities on noise pollution and the state of radiation conditions as an integral part of general environmental monitoring conducted as a part of the training course “Environmental Monitoring Devices” are considered. The results of the study of the water quality of the Great Garden Pond in the Northern Administrative Okrug (district) of Moscow on the state of zooplankton and zoobenthos in autumn of 2019 are presented. The state of the water body was conducted on species composition and number of the major taxa of zooplankton and zoobenthos. Noise pollution was assessed in connection with the reconstruction of Bolshaya Akademicheskaya Street.