Fundamental scientific studies have always been and will always be a priority in Ukrainian academic medical science. Particular attention must be paid to the development of innovations and scientific and technical develop- ments in the medical industry. The National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine endorses basic principles of further progressive development of medical science in the field of prevention of diseases, their early diagnosis, treatment and effective methods of rehabilitation. The Academy designates the strategic directions of research and innovation, ways to implement tasks and activities of a medical, economic, legal and social pattern, with the aim of maintaining and strengthening human health, as well as extending active longevity of the population. The implementation of the main directions of modern fundamental research at the level of the leading global institutions calls for a significant improvement in methodology, technologies and scien- tific workforce on par with the leading scientific institutions worldwide. This will give a new impetus to the development, implementation and continuity of fundamental research in medical science considering demographic, socio-hygienic and socio-economic factors that have a formative role for the health of the nation. The organization of research and production enterpris- es within the framework of academic institutions with the elimination of interdepartmental barriers, a more complex scientific research, the rational use of the funding, and the active implementation of results in health care practice is also of great importance to the further development of the funda- mental research of the medical science in Ukraine. The development of the global medical science is continuous, while priorities and key development points show the tendency to sway toward biomedical research and biotech- nology, genetic engineering and personalized high-tech medicine. Key words: fundamental studies, NAMS of Ukraine, medical science, innovation, health care.