Уфимский государственный нефтяной технический университет (г. Уфа, Российская Федерация) Введение. В статье представлены результаты анализа проблем, связанных с профессиональными заболеваниями в стране, порождаемыми неблагоприятными факторами производства. Установлены факты несоответствия официальной статистики профессиональных заболеваний с оценкой потенциально возможного на порядок превышающего их количества. Основные причины того, что регистрация профзаболевания зачастую не фиксируется заключаются в незаинтересованности работодателя, работника и комиссии, проводящей медицинские осмотры работников на предмет выявления профзаболеваний, а также несовершенство законодательно-нормативной базы. Постановка задачи. Задачей данного исследования является разработка мероприятий по снижению уровня заболеваемости, обусловленной профессиональной деятельностью. Теоретическая часть. Рассматриваются проблемы, связанные с профессиональными заболеваниями, факторы, которые могут и должны решить проблему обеспечения безопасности производства, предлагаются мероприятия для решения этих проблем. Выводы. Показана важность официальной регистрации профзаболеваний, их расследования и профилактики. Предложены пути решения проблем как на государственном уровне, так и на уровне предприятия. Проведена вероятностная оценка влияния вредных производственных факторов на появление у работников профессиональных заболеваний. Выявлены ключевые зависимости при формировании профзаболеваний на каждом конкретном предприятии, предложено совершенствование системы управления охраной труда предприятия.Ключевые слова: профессиональные заболевания, регистрация профзаболевания, профилактика профзаболеваний, производственная обусловленность нарушений, оценка риска получения и развития профзаболеваний.
In the Russian Federation, the main gas reserves are located in Siberia, and they are also present in the North Caucasus and the Black Sea basin. The largest gas fields in Russia are in harsh climatic conditions and drilling remains the main method of their development. Prior to its use, a preliminary study of rocks is required. Safety rules in the oil and gas industry are always relevant, taking into account, as a rule, harsh natural and climatic conditions in promising gas production regions. The forecasts for the growth of Russia’s gas industry varied greatly depending on the overall future prospects for the development of the country’s economic situation. This would entail examining the risks posed by the combined effects of natural and man-made factors on the environment and human health in areas affected by the gas industry. The most effective and widespread method of gas production, but at the same time the most traumatic of the articles is drilling. The article presents the main reasons for the injury of workers during drilling operations: technical, sanitary, organizational and psychological. Based on the causes of injuries in the performance of brown work, the authors developed and presented in the article a number of measures aimed at the pre-rotation or reduction of the impact of dangerous and harmful factors on workers when drilling gas wells. Gas mixtures of explosions and fire hazards, as well as when inhaled, can lead to poisoning of workers or an emergency. The development of a list of measures to protect against peacetime emergencies for gas facilities is presented in the second part of the work in the form of organizational and engineering measures. The list of measures for protection in peacetime emergencies for gas facilities is aimed at ensuring industrial safety, emergency resistance of hazardous production facilities, creating safe working conditions during drilling operations.
Ufa state petroleum technological university, Institute of Petroleum Technology and New Materials of Republic of Bashkortostan, Ufa, Russian Federation Аннотация. В работе рассматриваются основы обеспечения © Электронный научный журнал «Нефтегазовое дело». 2017. №4 http://ogbus.ru establishment of thermodynamic equilibrium, the translational, rotational, for molecular gases even and vibrational degrees of freedom, in certain conditions, the dissociation and recombination of molecules, chemical reactions, the processes involving electrons (ionization, electronic excitation). In this paper we have investigated the dependence of the conditional probability of defeat of a man from a change in the overpressure of the shock wave of the explosion. On the basis of the conducted researches the measures to prevent the occurrence of the shock wave pneumatic tests: strict adherence to safety standards and conditions for the maintenance of pressure in the pipeline, ensure an acceptable working range of conditions of the pneumatic tests, the availability of required serviceable equipment and fittings. Ключевые слова: Пневмоиспытание, ударная волна, очаги поражения, избыточное давление.
The article considers the possibility of introducing ergonomic indicators of the workplace into the system of lean production of the machine-building enterprise. The feasibility of taking into account ergonomic indicators is proved by the main tool of lean production - mapping of the flow of creation of production of the “shaft” part. Studies have shown that the accounting of ergonomic indicators allows to identify losses related to psychophysical factors affecting the employee, environmental factors of the employee (including production equipment) and eliminate them by planning and developing appropriate measures.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
customersupport@researchsolutions.com
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply.
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.