. Brand names appearing in this publication are for product identification purposes only. No endorsement is intended, nor is criticism implied of similar products not mentioned. K-State Research and Extension is an equal opportunity provider and employer. Effects of increasing feeding level during late gestation on sow and litter performance Abstract A total of 108 gilts and sows (PIC 1050) and their litters were used over 2 gestation and lactation periods to determine the effect of increasing late gestation feeding level on sow and litter performance. Treatments were structured as a 2 Ã-2 factorial design with main effects of feeding level (0 or 2 lb of extra feed from d 90 to farrowing) and parity group (gilts or sows). The trial was conducted for 2 successive parities, with gilts and sows remaining on the same treatment for both parities. For the first gestation and lactation period, gilts had increased (P < 0.001) backfat thickness on d 35, 90, and 112 of gestation and at farrowing compared with sows but had increased (P < 0.001) lactation backfat loss. Increasing late gestation feed increased (P < 0.001) weight gain from d 90 to 112 in both gilts and sows. There were late gestation feeding level Ã-parity interactions observed (P < 0.04) for ADFI and total feed intake for the overall lactation period. This was due to gilts having decreased lactation ADFI when fed extra feed in late gestation, but when sows were fed extra feed, lactation ADFI increased. Increasing feeding level in late gestation also increased (P < 0.04) total feed cost. A feeding level Ã-parity interaction was observed (P < 0.04) for average weight of total born and live born pigs. Increasing feeding level in late gestation increased piglet birth weight in gilts but decreased piglet weight in sows. Gilts had increased (P < 0.02) number and total weight of the total born, live born, and number after fostering compared with older parity sows. Gilts weaned larger (P < 0.002) litters and had increased (P < 0.03) total litter weaning weight compared with older parity sows. At weaning, sows had a decreased (P < 0.002) weaning to breeding interval compared with gilts, and a late gestation feeding level Ã-parity interaction was observed (P < 0.03) for conception rate. Gilts that received increased late gestation feed had a greater conception rate than those maintained on the same level, whereas a decrease in conception rate was observed when sows received increased late gestation feed. During the subsequent lactation period, a feeding level Ã-parity interaction was detected (P < 0.005) for lactation backfat loss. This interaction was reflective of an increase in backfat loss in parity 2 sows as the late gestation feeding level was increased and a decrease in backfat loss in parity 3 and older sows with increasing late gestation feeding level. A feeding level Ã-parity interaction was detected (P < 0.02) for lactation weight loss; parity 2 sows lost a greater amount of weight when late gestation feeding level was increased, whereas similar weight los...

A total of 240 weanling pigs (34 d of age with an average body weight of 17.1 lb) were used in a 35-d growth trial to compare the growth performance effects of copper (Cu) and feed-grade antimicrobials. The 6 dietary treatments were arranged in a 2 Ã-3 facto-rial with 2 added Cu levels (basal level of 16.5 ppm or basal + 125 ppm from copper sulfate) and 3 antimicrobial treatments including a control, chlortetracycline (CTC; Alpharma, Fort Lee, NJ) at 500 g/ton (10 mg/kg BW), and tylosin (Tylan; Elanco Animal Health, Greenfield, IN) at 100 g/ton. Each treatment had 8 pens with 5 pigs per pen. Treatments were allotted to pen in a randomized complete block design, with location within the barn serving as the blocking factor. Following the brief acclimatization period prior to starting the experiment (13 d), pigs were fed dietary treatments for 21 d followed by another 14 d on the control diet to examine any carryover effects. No significant copper Ã-antimicrobial interactions were observed (P > 0.07) for any pig performance response. From d 0 to 21, pharmacological Cu tended to increase (P < 0.07) both ADG and ADFI compared with pigs provided basal levels of Cu. Dietary CTC inclusion increased (P < 0.01) ADG and tended to improve (P < 0.09) ADFI and F/G over pigs not fed diets with CTC. Dietary Tylan did not alter (P > 0.19) ADG, ADFI, or F/G compared with pigs provided the control diets. From d 21 to 35, pigs that previously had received pharmacological Cu tended to have lower (P < 0.06) ADG compared with those never receiving pharmacological Cu. Also, pigs previously receiving Tylan had lower (P < 0.01) ADG than those never receiving Tylan. For the overall trial (d 0 to 35), adding Cu for the first 21 d had no impact (P > 0.32) on ADG, ADFI, or F/G. Similarly, Tylan did not influence (P > 0.30) pig performance. The benefits of CTC during the first 21 d led to a tendency for increased (P < 0.06) ADG and ADFI compared with those not receiving CTC. Overall, pharmacological Cu and antimicrobials may offer performance advantages when incorporated in nursery pig diets; however, that advantage will not increase and may be lost after Cu and/or antimicrobials are removed from diet.

Brand names appearing in this publication are for product identification purposes only. No endorsement is intended, nor is criticism implied of similar products not mentioned. K-State Research and Extension is an equal opportunity provider and employer. Follow this and additional works at: https://newprairiepress.org/kaesrr Part of the Other Animal Sciences CommonsRecommended Citation Recommended Citation Shelton, N W.; Jacob, M E.; Tokach, Michael D.; DeRouchey, Joel M.; Amachawadi, R G.; Shi, X; Nagaraja, Tiruvoor G.; Nelssen, Jim L.; Goodband, Robert D.; and Dritz, Steven S. (2009) "Effects of copper sulfate, zinc oxide, and neoterramycin on weanling pig growth and antibiotic resistance rate for fecal escherichia coli," Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports: Vol. 0: IssEffects of copper sulfate, zinc oxide, and neoterramycin on weanling pig growth Effects of copper sulfate, zinc oxide, and neoterramycin on weanling pig growth and antibiotic resistance rate for fecal escherichia coli and antibiotic resistance rate for fecal escherichia coli Abstract Abstract A total of 180 weanling pigs (PIC TR4 Ã-1050, initially 11.1 lb and 21 d of age) were used in a 42-d growth trial to compare the effects of supplemental zinc, copper, and in-feed antimicrobial on weanling pig growth and antibiotic resistance of fecal Escherichia coli. There were 5 dietary treatments with 6 pens per treatment and 5 pigs per pen. Pens were assigned to dietary treatments in a randomized complete block design. Treatments were arranged in a 2 Ã-2 factorial design with main effects of copper sulfate (0 or 125 ppm) and zinc oxide (0 or 3,000 ppm for 14 d and 0 or 2,000 for 28 d). The fifth treatment was in-feed antimicrobial (50 g/ton neomycin sulfate and 50 g/ton oxytetracycline HCl). All diets were supplemented with165 ppm zinc and 16.5 ppm copper from the trace mineral premix. Fecal samples were collected from 3 pigs per pen on d 14 and 42 to determine total coliform and E. coli counts as well as E. coli antibiotic resistance rates. Pigs fed added zinc oxide had increased (P < 0.04) ADG and tended to have improved (P < 0.09) ADFI and F/G from d 0 to 14. From d 14 to 42, pigs fed added zinc oxide had poorer (P < 0.007) F/G than those with no added zinc oxide, and pigs fed added copper sulfate had improved (P < 0.07) F/G compared with those fed no added copper sulfate. Over the entire 42-d trial, a trend for a copper Ã-zinc interaction was detected (P < 0.09) for ADG as pigs fed the addition of copper sulfate or zinc oxide had increased ADG over the control; however, when zinc and copper were combined, growth rate was similar to that when each was added singularly. Therefore, no additive effects were observed in this experiment from feeding a combination of high levels of dietary copper and zinc. Dietary addition of copper sulfate, zinc oxide, or in-feed antibiotic had no effect (P > 0.22) on total coliform or E. coli concentrations on d 14 or 42. For d-14 isolates, zinc supplementation had no effect (P > 0.43) on E. coli resist...

A total of 216 weanling pigs (PIC TR4 Ã-1050, initially 13.6 lb and 21 d of age) were used in a 42-d growth trial to compare the effects of supplemental zinc and copper and changing mineral regimens on growth performance and plasma mineral levels. The 6 dietary treatments included a 2 Ã-2 factorial arrangement with main effects of added copper from copper sulfate (0 or 125 ppm) and added zinc from zinc oxide (0 or 3,000 ppm from d 0 to 14 and 0 or 2,000 ppm from d 14 to 42). For the final 2 treatments, either zinc oxide alone or the combinations of zinc and copper were fed from d 0 to 14, with copper sulfate fed from d 14 to 42. There were 6 pens per treatment with 6 pigs per pen. All diets were supplemented with an additional 165 ppm zinc and 16.5 ppm copper from the trace mineral premix. Plasma was collected from 2 pigs per pen on d 14 and 42. From d 0 to 14, ADG, ADFI, and F/G were improved (P < 0.04) with the addition of dietary zinc. Copper supplementation also tended to increase (P < 0.07) ADFI from d 0 to 14. From d 14 to 42, added copper increased (P < 0.003) ADG and ADFI. Over the entire trial, continuous supplemental zinc increased (P < 0.03) ADG and tended to increase (P < 0.09) ADFI. Dietary copper also increased (P < 0.004) ADG and ADFI when fed from d 0 to 42. The most advantageous values for ADG and ADFI were seen in the treatment containing high levels of zinc from d 0 to 14 and high copper levels from d 14 to 42. The addition of either zinc or copper increased (P < 0.02) feed cost per pound of gain. However, income over feed cost was improved (P < 0.006) with the addition of copper, with the greatest value obtained when high zinc was fed from d 0 to 14 and high copper was fed from d 14 to 42. Plasma zinc levels were increased (P < 0.001) with zinc supplementation on d 14. These results indicate the optimal mineral regimen was supplementing zinc oxide from d 0 to 14 and copper sulfate from d 14 to 42.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS,

Effects of porcine circovirus type 2 vaccine and increasing Effects of porcine circovirus type 2 vaccine and increasing standardized ileal digestible lysine:calorie ratio on growth standardized ileal digestible lysine:calorie ratio on growth performance and carcass composition of growing and finishing performance and carcass composition of growing and finishing pigs pigs N W. Shelton