Probiotics are recently getting popular as immunity enhancers, and being investigated to treat acute infections, including gastroenteritis. Commonly used probiotics have been in practice for ancient periods. This study was thus conducted to evaluate the knowledge of mothers of school-going children regarding the use of probiotics in their children's diet. Our results showed that 23% of women were aware of probiotics and their health benefits out of 200 women surveyed, while 16% had never heard of probiotics. However great majority were taking probiotic-rich food, including yogurt, buttermilk, and cheese, in their diet. The knowledge of the use of probiotics in mothers was significantly associated with mothers' level of education. We conclude that there is limited knowledge of probiotics and their health benefits in mothers, but given the anecdotal evidence and inherited dietary patterns, probiotics are part of the daily diet of the school-going children in our study population.

COVID-19 pandemic has brought a paradigm shift in education with a trend of online learning and even schooling. During complete lockdown period schools were shifted to smartphones and computers. This study aimed to explore the pattern of smartphone use before and after the COVID-19 pandemic and the health issues of school-going children in post-COVID-19 period. There was a significant rise in the timings of mobile phone use from 2 hours to 7 hours per day. A total of 90% of student’s mothers reported behavioral change where lack of socializing was the most commonly reported change. Irritation of eyes and dryness were the most commonly reported ocular disorders.  The rise of mobile phones has brought several behavioral and ocular disorders due to long hours of use. There is a need to confirm health-related issues of smartphone use in large prospective studies and develop preventive strategies.