Objective: to measure the extent documented Swedish midwifery care for low risk labour and birth followed WHO's recommendations for care in normal birth and to compare midwifery care given to women who's labours could be classified as low and high risk.Study design: A retrospective examination of midwifery and medical records, 144 from women with low risk births and 54 from women with high risk births, for aspects of pregnancy, labour and birth using a validated instrument based on WHO's recommendations.Setting: Southern Sweden.Outcome measurements: Care given in accordance with WHO's four categories of practice and changes in risk group during the birth process. Documented care differed little between the labours of women at low risk and high risk. The midwives at the unit under study did not routinely carry out risk assessment. Key conclusions and implications for practice:The mode of care was one of readiness for medical intervention. The act of carrying out risk assessments at the time of the woman's admission may affect awareness of the level of care offered to birthing women and thus help to reduce the number and variety of practices not recommended by WHO.