Деятельность малого бизнеса, особенно вновь созданного, содержит много рисков и сильно зависит от внешних условий. Для стимулирования развития малого бизнеса необходимо создание благоприятной экономической среды. В статье проведено межрегиональное сравнение экономических условий для развития малого и среднего предпринимательства. На основе проведенного анализа авторами разработаны предложения, направленные на решение наиболее актуальных проблем. Исследованы основные компоненты государственной поддержки в рамках программ, реализуемых на территории Москвы и Белгородской области. Обосновано, что совершенствование региональных систем поддержки малого и среднего предпринимательства должно быть направлено на создание благоприятных условий для развития инновационной деятельности малого бизнеса. При разработке региональных программ поддержки малого инновационного предпринимательства предлагается шире использовать наработки других регионов, имеющих более развитый малый бизнес, и зарубежный опыт, в частности, опыт Китая.
The article describes the category of “self-employed citizens”, outlines their role in the socio-economic structure of society, and studies the main stages of legislative changes related to the legalization of taxation of incomes of selfemployed. The analysis of foreign experience in solving the problem of taxation of self-employed is given. The reasons for which the self-employed remain in the shadow sector of the economy are identified. The authors consider the positive and negative effects of the introduction of tax on professional income.
The article deals with problems facing Russian stock exchange in conditions of sanctions imposed by western states on organizations and individuals of the Russian Federation. They are harmful and affect key financial institutions of Russia, thus they are bound to impact the stock market experiencing turbulence since late February 2022. In order to cut the adverse influence of such measures both the government and the regulator (the Central Bank of the Russian Federation) have to response by tough decisions aimed at stabilizing the situation in finance sphere, among which we should mention a sharp rise in the key interest rate, closing stock trading on the Moscow exchange, restrictions on foreign currency transactions and interventions on stock market. The article highlights problems that caused serious fluctuations of currency rate on commodity and foreign exchange markets brought about by unstable political situation in the world. The authors evaluated prospects of further movements of market and possible countermeasures, which should be taken both by the Russian government and the regulator to smooth negative after-effects in country economy.
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