This study purposes to develop solid lipid microparticles (SLM) inhalation delivery system for respiratory diseases with Quercetin as the active agent. Quercetin has various functions, such as for antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulator, and antivirus. SLM is formed from a mixture of lipids and surfactants, namely, Glyceryl Behenate as solid lipid, Poloxamer 188 as the surfactant, and production of SLM using the melt o/w emulsification technique and was dried using freeze dryer. The effect of lipid concentration was studied in this research. Quercetin SLM was characterized by moisture content, Fourier transform infrared, particle size, yield, drug loading, and encapsulation efficiency. The SLM particles produced were spherical in shape and had a smooth surface with sizes of F1, F2, and F3 were 1.79 μm, 1.88 μm, and 1.91 μm, respectively. According to the target particle size of inhalation, Quercetin SLM had good flowability according to Carr's Index (F1 = 12.73% ± 0.38, F2 = 14.28% ± 0.65, F3 = 14.65% ± 0.62), in which the highest drug loading and EE of F3 were 10.94% and 88.48%, respectively. In vitro release study showed that in 630 min about 31%–33% Quercetin released indicated sustained release following Higuchi kinetics and quercetin release rate was not affected by the amount of lipid. To sum up, quercetin SLM demonstrates its potential as an inhalation delivery system and it is recommended to study its stability.

Guava (Psidium guajava L.) has been widely used by Indonesian people as traditional medicine. Guava leaves have been studied and show various pharmacological activities including antidiarrheal, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antimutagenic, anti-cough, antibacterial, antifungal, antiplaque, suppresses cardiac muscle inotropism, antidiabetic, antihypertensive, hepatoprotective and anticoagulant. In Indonesia, guava leaves have been formulated into several dosage forms. The guava leaves extract, as raw material of traditional medicine, should perform stability during storage period. This study aims to test the physical stability of guava leaves extract, which includes organoleptic, pH, and viscosity at different storage temperature and time susceptibility. Extraction was carried out by maceration method using ethanol 96% as solvent. Extraction is done until a thick extract is obtained. The extract was stored at 8oC (refrigerator temperature), 27oC (room temperature), and 70oC (oven temperature). Physical stability test was performed before storage period and at 1st, 2nd, 3rd week of storage period. Stability test results showed that ethanolic extract of guava leaves was stable at different storage temperatures. The results showed no differences on organoleptic, pH and viscosity test before storage period and at 1st, 2nd, 3rd week of storage period.  Key words: Physical stability, Guava leaves, Ethanolic extract

Mikroba endofit merupakan mikroba yang hidup di dalam jaringan tanaman tanpa membahayakan inangnya. Mikroba endofit menghasilkan beberapa zat yang memiliki aktivitas biologis. Aspergillus salwaensis DTO297C1 merupakan salah satu jamur endofit yang diisolasi dari Chromolaena odorata. Terbukti bahwa 7 dari 18 fraksi etil asetat memiliki aktivitas penghambatan Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538, Escherichia coli ATCC 8739, dan Candida albicans ATCC 10231. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memurnikan fraksi-5. Pemurnian menggunakan kromatografi kolom dengan silika gel 60 dan n-heksana : etil asetat-metanol 20 % gradien eluen. Didapatkan 400 vial yang digabungkan menjadi 9 subfraksi, 5.1 – 5.9. Subfraksi 5.1 dan 5.6 dianalisis menggunakan Kromatografi Lapis Tipis dengan silika gel 60 F254 sebagai fase diam dan kloroform : metanol (9,5:0,5) sebagai fase gerak. Subfraksi 5.1 dan 5.6 memiliki senyawa aktif yang pada pemindaian UV λ254, positif pada penghilangan noda H2SO4 anisaldehida, dan subfraksi 5.1 positif pada FeCl3. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini, Fraksi-5 ekstrak etil asetat Aspergillus salwaensis strain DTO297C1 memiliki beberapa senyawa bioaktif flavonoid, polifenol dan terpenoid/steroid serta telah berhasil dilakukan pemurnian dengan menggunakan kromatografi kolom dan kromatografi lapis tipis (KLT)Mikroba endofit merupakan mikroba yang hidup di dalam jaringan tanaman tanpa membahayakan inangnya. Mikroba endofit menghasilkan beberapa zat yang memiliki aktivitas biologis. Aspergillus salwaensis DTO297C1 merupakan salah satu jamur endofit yang diisolasi dari Chromolaena odorata. Terbukti bahwa 7 dari 18 fraksi etil asetat memiliki aktivitas penghambatan Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538, Escherichia coli ATCC 8739, dan Candida albicans ATCC 10231. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memurnikan fraksi-5. Pemurnian menggunakan kromatografi kolom dengan silika gel 60 dan n-heksana : etil asetat-metanol 20 % gradien eluen. Didapatkan 400 vial yang digabungkan menjadi 9 subfraksi, 5.1 – 5.9. Subfraksi 5.1 dan 5.6 dianalisis menggunakan Kromatografi Lapis Tipis dengan silika gel 60 F254 sebagai fase diam dan kloroform : metanol (9,5:0,5) sebagai fase gerak. Subfraksi 5.1 dan 5.6 memiliki senyawa aktif yang pada pemindaian UV λ254, positif pada penghilangan noda H2SO4 anisaldehida, dan subfraksi 5.1 positif pada FeCl3. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini, Fraksi-5 ekstrak etil asetat Aspergillus salwaensis strain DTO297C1 memiliki beberapa senyawa bioaktif flavonoid, polifenol dan terpenoid/steroid serta telah berhasil dilakukan pemurnian dengan menggunakan kromatografi kolom dan kromatografi lapis tipis (KLT)