Background: Newborn screening programs signify early and presymptomatic detection of treatable disorders which authorize commencement of prompt medication to alleviate notable fatality. Newborn screening (NBS) for congenital hypothyroidism (CH) has been a successful public health initiative in preventive medicine over the last few decades. Previous pilot (1999-2006) and phase 1 (2006-2011) NBS program in Bangladesh reported an increased incidence compared to global data which urged to initiate a second phase NBS program for the detection of CH. Materials & Methods: Neonates’ blood was collected from the umbilical cord or by heel prick and drawn on the Guthrie filter paper card. Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) was measured from this filter paper by Immunoradiometric assay (IRMA) or Dissociation Enhanced Lanthanide Fluorescence Immunoassay (DELFIA) method. Results: 123 out of 2,61,550 neonates have already been diagnosed with congenital hypothyroidism from September 2018 to August 2020, which represents an incidence of 1:2126. Conclusion: Ongoing phase-2 project data is already showing some optimistic outcomes. Hence, a time-worthy sustainable policy should be implemented to mark this program as an effective one. Bangladesh J. Nuclear Med. 25(1): 15-21, 2022

Radioiodine therapy appears to be an effective means in controlling thyrotoxicosis and it acts either by destroying functioning thyroid cells or by inhibiting their ability to replicate. The variable radiosensitivity of the gland means that the choice of dose is empirical. Unfortunately all attempts at dosimetry have thus far failed to reliably deliver a dose that avoids recurrence and does not ultimately lead to hypothyroidism. Ninety five patients (female 66 and male 29) with thyrotoxicosis treated with radioiodine at the Center for Nuclear Medicine & Ultrasound, Barisal and their outcome were analyzed from January 2000 to December 2004. Before radioiodine administration clinical features of the patients, palpation of the thyroid gland and ultrasonogram were performed. 131_I was given as fixed dose method and the dose ranged from 8-12 mCi. Higher doses were administered for larger goiter, multinodular goiter and in relapse cases. Hyperthyroid state was controlled in 85 (89%) patients after receiving single dose of radioiodine and 13 (13.6%) patients developed hypothyroidism within 3 months of therapy. Radioiodine therapy has proved to be cheap and effective method of treatment for thyrotoxicosis. Key words: Thyrotoxicosis, Radioiodine therapy, Hypothyroidism. DOI: 10.3329/jbcps.v26i2.4184 J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2008; 26: 73-78

<p>Enchondroma represents a common bone tumor of the hand. The flat bone is a rare location. We report a case of flat bone (rib) enchondroma presenting as swelling in her right lower chest. The diagnosis is suggested by radiological study and then confirmed by histological study after biopsy. The clinical and radiological aspects of this rare condition are discussed.</p><p>Bangladesh J. Nuclear Med. 19(2): 155-156, July 2016</p>

<p>Ectopic thyroid is an uncommon entity. Its occurrence in children is rare. Most of the patients present with mid neck swelling that may be confused with other midline pathology. Sometimes it may be the only functioning thyroid tissue present in the body as reported in this case. Proper diagnosis is required for the management of the patient. Radionuclide scan and high resolution ultrasonography plays an important role in diagnosis and further management of the patient with ectopic thyroid gland.</p><p>Bangladesh J. Nuclear Med. 20(2): 151-154, July 2017</p>

Introduction: Osteoporosis or low bone mass is one of the systemic effects of the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Fracture may occur as a complication of low bone mass in these patients that increases the morbidity. There is lack of awareness about the decreased bone mass in these patients.  There is significant need to screen those patients who are at risk, so that early diagnosis can be made and preventive and or therapeutic measures can be taken to avoid the consequences of osteoporosis. Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) is the current gold standard for the diagnosis of osteoporosis or low bone mass.    Objective: To evaluate the bone mineral density of the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients with dual energy X-ray absorptiometry and compare with the controls (non-COPD patients).    Method: In the period of January 2010 to December 2010 a total number of 100 subjects were included in the study. Among them fifty patients were with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and fifty apparently healthy persons without chronic lung diseases taken as comparison group controls.  Bone mineral density (BMD) of lower lumber spine (L1-L4) and left femoral neck were measured by Lunar DPX pro (GE) scanner. Low BMD was defined according to World Health Organization (WHO) criteria based on T score of patients and were compared with the controls.    Results: BMD was significantly low in COPD patients than in control group. At femoral neck, low BMD was found among 84% of patients with COPD and 36% of controls without COPD. At lumber spine low BMD was found among 86% of patients with COPD and 60% of patients without COPD.    Conclusion: This study suggests that bone mineral density is low in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.Bangladesh J. Nuclear Med. 18(1): 27-31, January 2015