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The effects of 1/1000 field recommended concentration of the organophosphorus compounds; edifenphos and glyphosate on the immune response and protein contents were investigated after different time intervals. The cell mediated immune response assessed by proliferative response of splenocytes to mitogens; phytohemagglutinin (PHA) and concanavalin A (Con A) for T cell and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) for B cell decreased significantly in tems of the level of stimulation index in the treated fish and reached maximal depression after 4 weeks. Humoral immunity assessed as splenic antibody plaque forming cells (PFC) measured after 5 days in vitro immunization to sheep erythrocytes (SRBC's) were suppressed in a concentration dependent pattern by the two compounds. The estimated ED50 for the PFC/10(6) cells of edifenphos and glyphosate were 1.48 x 10(-2) uM and 1.65 x 10(-2) uM respectively. The data also showed that serum antibody titres in the treated fish were decreased in a time dependent manner. The total protein content of serum treated with the two pesticides was decreased after different time periods compared with control. The blood serum of treated and untreated Tilapia nilotica were analyzed electrophoretically for protein components and the percentage of proteins in each fraction was determined.

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The functional status of the immune system of female mice exposed to a single oral dose of dimethoate (16 mg/kg) was evaluated by assessing cell mediated and humoral immune responses, in addition to the effect of dimethoate on spleen and body weights after different time intervals. The data showed that dimethoate caused a time-depended decrease in spleen weights in the absence of a change in body weights. The immunologic effect of dimethoate to female mice produced a dose-dependent decrease in the number of the rosette forming cells (total and active erythrocyte rosette). The ability of splenocytes to proliferation in response to mitogens; phytohemagglutinin (PHA) for T cell and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) for B cell were significantly decreased at the different times. As compared to control, a significant decrease in serum total immunoglobulins (Ig) and IgM was found, while IgG was non-significant deceased. Results of this study also revealed that dimethoate caused a significant decrease in the number of plaque forming cell (PFC/10(6) splenocytes) in a time dependent manner.