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Background: The headache is one of the most common neurological disorders and ranks the third cause of years lost due to disability. So this study was conducted to identify the prevalence of headache and its impact on job performance in emergency department medical and paramedical staff.

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Background Myoclonus dystonia (MDS) is a dominantly inherited genetic disorder caused by loss-of-function mutations in the epsilon sarcoglycan gene (SGCE). Case presentation We here in report a twenty months old Saudi boy who presented to us with a concern that the child is unable to walk properly. On assessment, he was flexing his left arm and left leg that usually followed by a back-ward fall. Diagnosis of dystonia induced with initiation of movement was suggested that later on proven genetically to be pathogenic mutation of sarcoglycan gene. Carbamazepine therapy was initiated with dramatic response. Response was maintained at 4 years follow up. Conclusions Our patient and the other previously reported cases might highlight the response of SGCE mutations to carbamazepine therapy.

A prospective study was conducted to address the combined effect of Panax Ginseng and citicoline on human psychomotor performance and visual working memory in normal healthy volunteers. Eighty healthy volunteers were randomly assigned to four groups: Group A (Control group, n=20) was placebo, Group B (Ginseng group, n=20) received Panax Ginseng, Group C (Citicoline group, n=20) received citicoline, and Group D (Combined group, n=20) received Panax Ginseng plus citicoline. Psychomotor performance, vigilance and visual working memory of normal healthy volunteers were assessed before and after 1-month therapy. Panax ginseng led to an improvement in most components of the psychomotor performance measures, arousal function and visual working memory accuracy (p<0.05), but did not significantly affected recognition reaction time (RRT) and 1-back working memory accuracy (p>0.05). Regarding citicoline treatment, it led to an improvement in psychomotor performance measures and visual working memory accuracy (p<0.05), but did not markedly changed arousal and vigilance (p>0.05). When citicoline and Panax ginseng were used in combination, a marked improvement in both psychomotor performances and visual working memory accuracy on healthy volunteers were stated (p<0.01). Panax ginseng and citicoline act synergistically on human psychomotor performance and visual working memory in normal healthy volunteers.