The environmental problems are considered as a serious threat to the future of humanity. The adoption ofsustainable behaviors is considered a necessary step to deal with the environmental challenges. Energy conservationbehavior is an environment friendly behavior that has been promoted in many societies. Researchers have been studyingthe determinants of energy conservation behavior for many years, in western countries. However, energy conservationbehavior of individuals in the house has not received attention of researchers in Pakistan. In this study, theory of plannedbehavior and norm activation model are used to study energy conservation behavior of 1250 college and universitystudents in Karachi. Our results show that attitudes, subjective norms, awareness of consequences, ascription ofresponsibility and personal norm, all have a positive relation with energy conservation behavior. Socio-demographicvariables had no statistically significant relation with energy conservation. It is believed that electronic and social mediaand religious scholars can play a key role in raising awareness of environmental issues and encouraging the adoption ofenvironment friendly behaviors in Pakistan.

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This study assessed biosafety performance between 5 selected private-sector hospital medical laboratories in Karachi, Pakistan. A 40-question questionnaire was distributed among 120 technical staff to better understand the practices and awareness level of technical staff in place. To assess the supply of biosafety facilities and equipment to keep laboratory workers and the surrounding environment safe from an outbreak of infectious diseases, a checklist was designed. After securing informed consent, the researcher anonymously interviewed technical staff from all sections of the pathology laboratory, filled out the standard questionnaire, and completed the checklist through personal observations. Biosafety awareness recorded among 5 laboratory technical staff was moderate (72%). Major gaps identified with reference to biosafety measures were in administrative controls, standard microbiological practices, and facility design/secondary barriers. The gaps included the following: the biosafety officer is appointed in only 1 laboratory, standard operating procedures are not in place in 3 laboratories, no training protocol is defined for staff, no immunization record is maintained, and incident reporting and recording is lacking at most laboratories. There is an adequate supply of simple personal protective equipment like gloves, goggles, masks, and lab coats. However, complex equipment, such as eyewash stations and biological safety cabinets, is not available in many laboratories. In Karachi, Pakistan, biosafety performance is compromised in most of the laboratories, but better performance also is demonstrated by laboratories that are accredited and certified.

The environmental problems are considered as a serious threat to the future of humanity. The adoption ofsustainable behaviors is considered a necessary step to deal with the environmental challenges. Energy conservationbehavior is an environment friendly behavior that has been promoted in many societies. Researchers have been studyingthe determinants of energy conservation behavior for many years, in western countries. However, energy conservationbehavior of individuals in the house has not received attention of researchers in Pakistan. In this study, theory of plannedbehavior and norm activation model are used to study energy conservation behavior of 1250 college and universitystudents in Karachi. Our results show that attitudes, subjective norms, awareness of consequences, ascription ofresponsibility and personal norm, all have a positive relation with energy conservation behavior. Socio-demographicvariables had no statistically significant relation with energy conservation. It is believed that electronic and social mediaand religious scholars can play a key role in raising awareness of environmental issues and encouraging the adoption ofenvironment friendly behaviors in Pakistan.

Pakistan has one of the highest Infant mortality rates in the world. Most death takes place as a result of Health seeking behavior of mothers or rather lack of it. This study was aimed at finding out situation of Infant mortalityin low-income areas in Karachi, the capital of Sindh, Pakistan. Due to limited resources this study is restricted to only one locality, Shershah, Karachi. The data was collected from the ever-married women aged 15-49 in sample locality. Detailed information on women’s socio-economic background, birth histories and health status was obtained for analysis.