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The methanol extract of Sophora flavescens showed a potent glycosidase inhibitory activity. Active components were identified as well-known flavonoid antioxidants: kushenol A (1), (؊)-kurarinone (2), sophoraflavanone G (3), 2-methoxykurarinone (4), kurarinol (5), 8-prenylkaempferol (6), isoxanthohumol (7), kuraridin (8) and maackian (9). All flavonoids were effective inhibitors of a a -glucosidase and b b -amylase. Interestingly, lavandulylated flavanones 1-5 had strong a a -glucosidase inhibitory activities, with IC 50 values of 45 m mM, 68 m mM, 37 m mM, 155 m mM and 179 m mM, respectively. Kushenol A (1) which does not bear a 4-hydroxy group showed selective a a -glucosidase inhibitory activity. Lavandulylated chalcone, kuraridine (8), exhibited IC 50 value of 57 m mM against b b -glucosidase, which is the first report of a chalcone displaying glycosidase inhibition. Results showed that 8-lavandulyl group in B-ring was a key factor of the glycosidase inhibitory activities. The inhibition pattern was noncompetitive for a a -glucosidase, whereas mixed inhibition was observed for b b -amylase.

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