No abstract

Indonesia is a developing country facing the national problem of the growing obesity and diabetes in its population due to recent drastic dietary and lifestyle changes. To understand the link between the gut microbiome, diet, and health of Indonesian people, fecal microbiomes and metabolomes of 75 Indonesian adults in Yogyakarta City, including obese people (n = 21), type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients (n = 25), and the controls (n = 29) were characterized together with their dietary and medical records. Variations of microbiomes showed a triangular distribution in the principal component analysis, driven by three dominant bacterial genera, namely Bacteroides, Prevotella, and Romboutsia. The Romboutsia-driven microbiome, characterized by low bacterial diversity and high primary bile acids, was associated with fat-driven obesity. The Bacteroides-driven microbiome, which counteracted Prevotella but was associated with Ruminococcaceae concomitantly increased with high-carbohydrate diets, showed positive correlation with T2D indices but negative correlation with body mass index. Notably, Bacteroides fragilis was increased in T2D patients with a decrease in fecal conjugated bile acids, particularly tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA), a farnesoid X receptor (FXR) antagonist with anti-diabetic activity, while these features disappeared in patients administered metformin. These results indicate that the gut microbiome status of Indonesian adults is differently associated with obesity and T2D under their varied dietary habits.

Palembang memiliki begitu banyak Toko Pempek. Setiap toko pempek tersebut memiliki karakteristik konsumen yang berbeda. Tujuan Penelitian ini ialah menganalisis  pemilihan toko pempek sesuai dengan karakteristik konsumen pempek. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada enam toko pempek berbeda berdasarkan grade. Pemilihan lokasi penelitian dilakukan secara sengaja (purposive) mengingat bahwa semakin banyak objek  menggunakan harga yang tidak sama diharapkan dapat menjangkau responden lebih merata. Penelitian lapang dilaksanakan di Bulan Mei-Juni 2017. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini merupakan metode survei yang berkaitan dengan situasi yang memerlukan teknik pengumpulan data tertentu seperti wawancara, angket atau observasi sehingga dapat memperoleh gambaran nyata di lapangan. Analisis yang digunakan ialah analisis secara deskriptif dan analisis uji square. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian tidak terdapat hubungan antara jenis kelamin dan umur terhadap pemilihan toko pempek. Berdasarkan hasil uji chi square pendidikan akhir, pekerjaan, dan pendapatan memiliki korelasi dengan pemilihan toko pempek. Palembang had so many Pempek Shops. Each pempek shops had different consumer characteristics. The motive of this study is to analyze of electing pempek shops based on characteristics of consumer pempek in Palembang. The study turned into conducted in six exceptional pempek shops based on grade. The choice of research sites is completed deliberately (purposive) considering that more and more objects with different price variations are anticipated to reach respondents greater evenly. Field research turned into conducted in May-June 2017. The technique used in this observe is a survey approach related to situations that require positive statistics series techniques which include interviews, questionnaires or observations within the wish of obtaining a actual photograph inside the field. he evaluation used is descriptive evaluation and square take a look at evaluation. based totally on the effects of the observe, there was no courting between gender and age on the selection of pempek stores. based totally on the effects of the chi square take a look at of final schooling, employment, and earnings have a dating with electing pempek shops.

Indonesia is a developing country facing the national problem of the growing obesity and diabetes in its population due to recent drastic dietary and lifestyle changes. To understand the interface between the gut microbiome, diet, and health of Indonesian people, we characterized fecal microbiomes and metabolomes of 75 Indonesian adults in Yogyakarta City, including 21 obese people and 25 type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients, together with their dietary and medical records. Variations of microbiomes showed a triangular distribution in the principal component analysis, driven by three dominant bacterial genera, namely Bacteroides, Prevotella, and Romboutsia. The Romboutsia-driven microbiome, characterized by low bacterial diversity and high primary bile acids, was associated with fat-driven obesity. The Bacteroides-driven microbiome, which counteracted Prevotella but was associated with Ruminococcaceae concomitantly increased with high-carbohydrate diets, showed positive correlation with T2D indices but negative correlation with body mass index. Notably, Bacteroides fragilis was increased in T2D patients with a decrease of fecal conjugated bile acids, particularly tauroursodeoxycholic acid, a farnesoid X receptor antagonist with anti-diabetic activity, while these features disappeared in patients administered metformin. These results indicate that the gut microbiome status of Indonesian adults is differently associated with obesity and T2D under their varied dietary habits.

This research shows the effect of oil mixture and temperature on breakdown voltage. Palm oil is combined with diala-b oil in various mix ratios and various temperatures. Test results on the sample, as the concentration of the mixture of diala-b oil increases, the breakdown voltage value also increases. The breakdown voltage values of all oil mixture samples that have gone through the treatment process have met the IEC standard No. 56 of 1991 with results that are classified as above the standard (standard ≥ 30kV/2.5mm). Breakdown voltage values for the composition of 100% diala-b oil, 100% palm oil, and a mixture of 50% diala-b oil: 50% palm oil at 60 °C, 70 °C, 80 °C, 90 °C, and 100 °C is above the standard that is ≥ 30 kV. Water content and acidity affect the breakdown voltage value. Based on the results of breakdown voltage testing that has been done, palm oil can be used as an alternative to transformer oil.