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Reports are the most authoritative and most carefully considered products IDA publishes. They normally embody resut.. :! major projects which (a) have a direct bearing on decisions affecting major programs. (b) address issues of signit.ant concern to the Executive Branch, the Congress and/or the public, or (c) address issues that have significant economic inplications. IDA Reports are reviewed by outside panels of experts to ensure their high quality and relevance to the problems studied, and they are released by the President of IDA. Group ReportsGroup Reports record the findings and results of IDA established working groups and panels composed of senior individuals addressing major issues which otherwise would be the subject of ar IJA Report. IDA Group Reports are reviewed by the senior individuals responsible for the project and others as selected by IDA to ensure their high quality and relevance to the problems studied, and are released by the President of IDA. PapersPapers, also authoritative and carefully considered products of IDA, address studies that are narrower in scope than those covered in Reports. IDA Papers are reviewed to ensure that they meet the high standards expected of refereed papers in professional journals or formal Agency reports. DocumentsIDA Documents are used for the convenience of the sponsors or the analysts (a) to record substantive work done in quick reaction studies, (b) to record the proceedings of conferences and meetings, (c) to make available preliminary and tentative results of analyses, (d) to record data developed in the course of an investigation, or (e) to forward information that is essentially unanalyzed and unevaluated. The review of IDA Documents is suited to their content and intended use.The work reported in this publication was conducted under IDA's Independent Research Program. Its publication does not imply endorsement by the Department of Defense, or any other Government agency, nor should the contents be construed as reflecting the official position of any Government agency.This Document is published in order to make available the material it contains for the use and convenience of interested parties. The material has not necessarily been completely evaluated and analyzed, nor subjected to formal IDA review.Approved for public release: distribution unlimited. Approved for public release; distribution unlimited. I0 ABSTRACT (Maximum 200 words)The IDA University Scientists Program (USP) is an IDA-funded program to create and maintain a multidisciplinary talent bank of outstanding scientists and engineers in the university community. The program provides an extension to the Defense Science Study Group (DSSG). The USP seeks to use the talents of the graduates of the DSSG as technical reviewers on IDA programs, to maintain and stimulate their continuing interest in national defense problems, and to promote and encourage their service as technical advisors to agencies of the Department of Defense (DOD). This report summarizes the FY 1990 activity of the University S...

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