Abstract. Menstrual cycle is a naturally occurring mechanism in a reproductive aged woman. The ability of a woman to identify the length of a menstrual cycle is important as a basis to determine the fertile period in the subsequent menstrual cycle. This research aimed to investigate the length of menstrual cycle of women in reproductive age. A regular menstrual cycle occurs in a regular pattern of length which can range from 21 to 35 days in adults. A subsequent cycle which occurs three to five days earlier or longer than the usual pattern would still be considered as normal. Meanwhile, a menstrual cycle which occurs twice in a month or once in more than two months would be considered as irregular cycle. The method implemented was an exploratory method through which menstruation periods of woman in reproductive age were recorded in three consecutive months. The research population was Biology students who are registered in academic year 2017. The participants were students who are registered in Reproduction and Animal Development subject. The data of menstrual period were collected from four study group which consists of 101 students. The result of data analysis on a total of 171 menstrual cycle showed that the average length of participants' menstrual cycle was 30.08 days. The total of participants showed regular and irregular length of menstrual cycle was 59.41% and 42.57% respectively.

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This study aimed to investigate the distribution and abundance of plankton in the downstream area of Jeneberang River. A total of three observation stations were chosen through purposive sampling method on a watershed in the downstream area, which lies between Gowa Twin Bridge and Barombong Bridge, Takalar Regency, and Makassar City. At each station, a sample was taken from the northern (N) and southern (S) part of the river. The collected sample of Plankton was observed using a binocular light microscope and Sedgwick Rafter Counting Cell (SRCC), and then subjected to the identification by using plankton identification book. The result of data analysis showed that phytoplankton and zooplankton could be found in all observation stations, but the abundance and distribution of each group differed one another. Phytoplankton group with the highest to the lowest abundance is the member of Class Chlorophyceae, Bacillariophyceae, and Dinophyceae. Meanwhile, the commonly found zooplankton is the member of Protozoa, including Paramecium sp., Chilomonas sp. Besides that, the member of Animalia, including annelid larvae and polychaeta larvae were also found with a lower level of abundance.

The evaluation of endophytic actinomycetes diversity, growth-promoting strain effects on cauliflower seeds germination, and in vitro organogenesis are the objectives in this study. Moreover, 15 strains from 125 isolates were determined to produce indole-3- acetic acid (IAA), where majority was obtained from roots (66.67%), followed by from branches (26.67%) and leaves (6.67%). Specifically, Jatropha sp. is a plant species with the most endophytic actinomycetes content compared to others. In addition, all endophytic Streptomyces strains were screened based on IAA production ability in vitro on yeast extract–malt extract broth (YMG) broth medium. The results showed the tendency for one strain with code Streptomyces sp. KMR-1E to generate a maximum IAA isolate from Cinnamomun sp. plant. Furthermore, the molecular taxonomy and phylogenetic analysis were recreated from 16S rRNA gene sequences, which attributed the KMR- 1E to genus Streptomyces. Meanwhile, plant growth promotion was evaluated under in vitro condition. This exposed the individual ability to enhance the shoot and root length of cauliflowers. The untreated cultures with a strain free agar block was used as control.

This research was conducted to find out the type of dicotyledon which its stem can be sectioned with the method of hand section (HS) and can provide clear anatomy appearances. Research activities start with (1) section using the HS method, (2) observation using a microscope, and the last is (3) limited trial. For the first stage, it was determined that 10 cosmopolitan dicotyledonous found around Universitas Negeri Makassar campus. The stems of all the plants were sectioned by the HS method. The result is 5 of 10 species of dicots were categorized as easy to slash by HS method, namely Ixora maxima, Eclipta prostate, Mirabilis jalapa, Catharanthus roseus and Acalypha siamensis. In the second stage, the five plant species were sections and observed with a microscope. Based on observations using the monocular XSP-12 light microscope adjusted by Optilab Professional Edition, it can be seen that there are 4 plant species that provide the good anatomical appearance that is E. prostate, M. jalapa, C. roseus, and A. siamensis. For the last stage, all four types of plants that provide a good cross-section of the stem anatomy were tested to final semester students and new students. Both groups tried on sectioning and observing and gave their opinion on the level of difficulties. The answer shows that the majority of the groups consider that sectioning and observing of the four dicots are easy or very easy. To sum up, dicots E. prostate, M. jalapa, C. roseus, and A. siamensis are easy to section by HS method and to observe by microscope.