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Melghiribacillus thermohalophilus gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel filamentous, endospore-forming, thermophilic and halophilic bacterium A novel filamentous, endospore-forming, thermophilic and moderately halophilic bacterium designated strain Nari2A T was isolated from soil collected from an Algerian salt lake, Chott Melghir. The novel isolate was Gram-staining-positive, aerobic, catalase-negative and oxidasepositive. Optimum growth occurred at 50-55 6C, 7-10 % (w/v) NaCl and pH 7-8. The strain exhibited 95.4, 95.4 and 95.2 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity to Thalassobacillus devorans G19.1 T , Sediminibacillus halophilus EN8d T and Virgibacillus kekensis YIM-kkny16 T , respectively. The major menaquinone was MK-7. The polar lipid profile consisted of phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol, three unknown phosphoglycolipids and two unknown phospholipids. The predominant cellular fatty acids were iso-C 15 : 0 and iso-C 17 : 0 . The DNA G+C content was 41.9 mol%. Based on the phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic data, strain Nari2A T is considered to represent a novel species of a new genus in the family Bacillaceae, order Bacillales, for which the name Melghiribacillus thermohalophilus gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Melghiribacillus thermohalophilus is Nari2A T (5DSM 25894 T 5CCUG 62543 T ).