The pattern of EOS in Asian settings is similar to that in industrialised countries with low incidence of GBS sepsis. The important features of neonatal sepsis in Asia are the burden of Klebsiella spp. and high level of antibiotic resistance. These should be addressed while developing measures to reduce neonatal mortality due to infection.

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Aerosolized colistin may be a useful adjunctive therapy in VAP due to XDR-AB. The use of aerosolized colistin in neonates should be investigated in a larger controlled study.

This survey shows that the management of PPHN varies widely around the world. The major PPHN diagnostic method is echocardiography together with bedside SpO2 monitoring. The study numbers show the main differences are between developed and developing countries. Further studies exploring evidence-based principles of diagnosis and management in PPHN are warranted.

Background: Pasteurellosis is an uncommon infectious disease in humans mainly caused by Pasteurella multocida infection in neonates and has been rarely reported. Objectives: To review the literature and address the mode of transmission, clinical presentation, laboratory diagnosis, treatment, outcome and potential risk factors related to neonatal pasteurellosis. Methods: A Medline all-languages database search for neonatal (birth-1 month) pasteurellosis cases after 1950 was conducted. Individual references from each publication were also reviewed to identify additional cases. Results: Thirty-two cases were found, but detailed information was available for this review in only 25 cases.