No abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui respon radiasi, kesintasan hidup, dan faktor yang mungkin mempengaruhi dalam penanganan karsinoma nasofaring stadium lanjut lokal. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian retrospektif deskriptif analitik terhadap 391 pasien karsinoma nasofaring stadium lanjut lokal yang berobat di Departemen Radioterapi RSCM periode Januari 2007-Desember 2011. Respon radiasi dianalisa menggunakan uji korelasi Spearman dan analisis kesintasan dihitung dengan kurva Kaplan Meier pada pasien yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Didapatkan 70.6% pasien adalah laki laki, median usia 45 (9-86) tahun, sebagian besar stadium IVB (32,7%) dengan tipe histopatologis WHO III paling dominan (82,4%). Kesintasan hidup 3 dan 5 tahun untuk masing-masing stadium IIB, III, IVA, IVB berturut-turut adalah 64,9%,

Abstract. Surniyantoro HNE, Rahajeng N, Lusiyanti Y, Rahardjo T, Erawati D, Choridah L, Dhamiyati W, Dwidanarti SR. 2019. Interaction of Arg194Trp and Arg399Gln genotypes with the risk of radiation on cancer patients. Biodiversitas 20: 2128-2133. Two of the common single-nucleotide polymorphisms are X-ray repair cross-complementary group 1 on exon 6 (Arg194Trp) and exon 10 (Arg399Gln). The purpose of this study was to determine the interactions between Arg194Trp and Arg399Gln genotypes combination with the risk of radiation on cancer patients in Indonesia, linked to micronuclei frequency as a biomarker of DNA damage. This study consisted of 19 patients with various cancer as the case group and 37 non-cancer participants as the control group. The determination of Arg149Trp and Arg399Gln alleles were performed using Polymerase Chain Reaction-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism. Micronuclei assay was performed using Cytokinesis-block micronuclei cytome assay. The results of our study showed that micronuclei frequency was very significantly higher in the cancer patients compared to controls (111.16 ± 76.24 versus 16.89 ± 9.72, p<0.0001). Patients with heterozygous mutant genotypes CT had a lower frequency of micronuclei than patients with normal CC genotypes (105.6 ± 80.97 versus 117.33 ± 74.97). Likewise, patients with mutant genotype AA had a lower frequency of micronuclei than patients with normal GG genotype (64 versus 129.71 ± 90.68). The genetic polymorphisms of Arg194Trp and Arg399Gln demonstrated an association with the level of DNA damage on cancer patients.

Medical workers representing the group is the most consistently are exposed to low doses of ionizing radiation, prolonged low-level ionizing radiation can induce chromosomal aberrations (CAs). This study would evaluate the cytogenetic effect using the CAs based on dicentric, and cytokinesis-blocked micronucleus (CBMN) assay on hospital workers. The exposed group dividedto Interventional and Diagnostic groups then compared to non exposed group. The accumulated absorbed doses calculated for the radiation workers were below 5mSv. Blood samples were obtained from 29 samples of medical workers , and 15 samples of control. The Study showed that the frequency of dicentric chromosomes both in exposed and control were not found. In case of micronuclei, the mean frequencies were observed in exposed group that was (19 ±6.22) and (16.25 ± 6.04) respectively and the control group was (10.4±7.79). Frequency MN/1000 cell in the lymphocytes both in the two exposed group was relatively higher compared to control group. However the MN frequencies in all sample group was still in normal range . In this study chronic low radiation dose exposure in the hospital had no significant effect on chromosome aberration nor micronuclei. The benefit of the study is to enrich the potential usefulness of cytogenetic assay providing safety index in medical surveillance programs. The results suggest that education and retraining of staff concerning radiation safety guidelines need to be done to maintain the safety aspects of radiation.