<p>The article presents the results of analysis of the phytolith composition of cereals in the Northern Altai. Some 23 species of <em>Poaceae</em> have been studied. For each species, we analyzed a set of silicon particles in leaves, stems, and generative structures. We selected from 22 to 27 significant morphotypes of phytoliths, depending on their morphological affinity. Our results were compared with the wetting factor. We also analyzed the ratio of the composition of phytoliths of cereals and their ecological (edaphotopic) groups and life forms. We founded the correlations between several morphotypes of cereal phytoliths and life forms with optimum species moistening.</p>

<p><em>Bacillus subtilis</em> is the most studied bacterium from genus <em>Bacillus</em> and this microorganism is widespread in nature. <em>B. subtilis</em> is often found in fresh and seawater, in the rhizosphere, in the soil (especially contaminated with feces and manure). The large variety of strains are available in collections of microorganisms, but strains isolated from the rhizosphere of various plants are particularly interesting for science and practical use. At the same time, the morphological criterion (the form and other features of the colonies) is the main one in the identification of <em>B. subtilis</em> at the first stages of the study and allows to refuse of extraneous strains before use more expensive methods and materials. The article presents the description of the morphological diversity of <em>B. subtilis</em> strains that are used in agriculture. Typical R–colonies are characteristic of bacteria <em>B. subtilis</em>, and we established 2 morphologically diverse forms of these colonies in the studied strains.</p><p> </p>

Many members of the Orhidaceae family are rare plants. One of the effective ways to preserve these speciesis to include them in the Red Book and give them a certain status of rarity. Neottianthe cucullata has a wide species rangein the Russian Federation. This species is found in almost all regions located in the temperate zone. Neottianthe cucullatais included in the Red Book of the Russian Federation and, accordingly, is protected in 48 regions of Russia. The speciesgrows mainly in coniferous and mixed forests, so the main threat to it is the increasing rate of logging. Disturbance of soilcover and changes in environmental conditions are limiting factors. However, the analysis showed that the state of populations in different regions is very different. In the European part, where the pressure on forest resources is very high,Neottianthe cucullata has a status ranging from «probably extinct» to «very rare». In some cases, reliable information is notavailable. On the territory of Siberia, the species belongs to category 3 – rare. On the territory of the Republic of Buryatia, it belongs to category 7 – out of danger. Most often, the populations of Neottianthe cucullata are well studied and protected in nature reserves and sanctuaries. In a number of regions, there is no information on the state of local populations.

Сперанская Н.Ю. и др. 2016. Фитолиты некоторых видов злаков ... // ДОСиГИК. Т. 7. № 1 (13). С.

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